Chapter 4- Carbon and the molecular structure of organic compounds

Question 1

The study of carbon, the compounds it makes, and the reactions it undergoes.

Answer 1

Organic chemistry

Question 2

A diagrammatic representation of a molecule in which lines represent bonds between atoms that are represented by their symbols.

Answer 2

Skeletal formula

Question 3

Molecules that contain carbon atoms covalently bonded to hydrogen atoms (C-H bonds).

Answer 3

Organic compounds

Question 4

Carbon can combine with itself through covalent bond to form an infinite number of chain and ring compounds.

Answer 4

Catenation

Question 5

States that organic compounds can only be produced under the influence of a vital force.

Answer 5

The vital theory

Question 6

Type of empirical formula that represents the composition of any member of an entire class of compounds.

Answer 6

General formula

Question 7

The concept of mixing atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the pairing of electrons to form chemical bonds in valence bond theory.

Answer 7

Hybridization

Question 8

All valence electrons are shown whether bonding or non bonding and represented by dots.

Answer 8

Lewis dot formula

Question 9

Covalent chemical bonds where two lobes of an orbital on one atom overlap two lobes of an orbital on another atom.

Answer 9

pi bonds

Question 10

Obtained by combining the atomic orbitals on the atoms in the molecule.

Answer 10

Molecular bonding orbitals

Question 11

The H atoms bonded to the same carbon are combined and the number is indicated by a subscript.

Answer 11

Condensed (structural formula)

Question 12

All bonds are shown

Answer 12

Graphical (structural formua)

Question 13

Region around the nucleus of an atom where finding the electron is the greatest and known as probability region.

Answer 13

Atomic orbital

Question 14

Shows the simplest ratio of the atoms present in a molecule.

Answer 14

Empirical formula

Question 15

The study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation of carbon-containing compounds.

Answer 15

Organic chemistry

Question 16

The foundations of life

Answer 16

Organic chemistry

Question 17

Three-dimensional representation of a molecular species.

Answer 17

Stereochemical formula

Question 18

Insufficient symmetry from the component atoms’ atomic orbitals to form the necessary overlap and to increase bond order.

Answer 18

Non bonding molecular orbital

Question 19

It is the arrangement of elements on the molecules.

Answer 19

Structural formula

Question 20

Formed through head to head or end to end overlapping of atomic orbitals oriented along the inter-nuclear axis.

Answer 20

Sigma bond

Question 21

Shows the actual number of elements present in a molecule.

Answer 21

Molecular formula

Question 22

Describes the attractive interactions between the atomic orbitals of two or more atoms in a molecule.

Answer 22

Bonding molecular orbital