Chapter 4: Carbon and Molecular Diversity of Life Flashcards
organic chemistry
the study of compounds containing carbon
carbon can form..
4 covalent bonds
carbon chains
form the skeletons of most organic molecules
hydrocarbon
organic molecule composed of only carbon and hydrogen atoms
isomers
compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures and properties
structural isomers
different covalent arrangements of their atoms
cis-trans isomers
same covalent bonds but differ in spatial arrangements
enantiomers
isomers that are mirror images of each other
functional groups
the components of organic molecules that are most commonly involved in chemical reactions
hydroxyl group structural formula
OH-
hydroxyl group compound name
alcohol
carbonyl group structural formula
C=O
carbonyl group compound name
Ketone and Aldehyde
carboxyl group structural formula
-COOH
carboxyl group compound name
Carboxylic acid or organic acid
amino group structural formula
-NH2
amino group compound name
amine
sulfhydryl group structural formula
-SH
sulfhydryl group compound name
thiol
phosphate group structural formula
-OPO3^-2
phosphate group compound name
organic phosphate
methyl group structural formula
CH3
methyl group compound name
methylated compound
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
compound used by cells to store and release energy
