Chapter 4: Carbohydrates

Question 1

What are carb made of

Answer 1

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

Question 2

What types of foods are Carbs found in

Answer 2

sugars, starches, and cellulose, bread, pasta, fruits, vegetables, milk, etc

Question 3

Carbohydrates found as glucose are mostly located where

Answer 3

blood

Question 4

Carbohydrates found in the storage form of glycogen aer where

Answer 4

tissues, predominately muscle and lives

Question 5

Carbohyrdates are the primary energy source for what exercises intensity

Answer 5

moderate

Question 6

How many kilocalories are in carbs

Answer 6

4

Question 7

the largest amount of carbohydrate in the body is stored in the form of glycogen where

Answer 7

skeletal muscle

Question 8

Carbs in ___ do not provide energy because humans don’t have the correct enzymes

Answer 8

starchy

Question 9

Starches contain __,___,__ while sugars only provide ___

Answer 9

Starches= vitamins, minerals, and nutrients 
sugars= energy only

Question 10

When are carbs most important to be consumed

Answer 10

immediately after during muscle glycogen resynthesis

Question 11

carbs are classified as ____,____,____

Answer 11

monosa ccharides, disaccharides, or polysaccharides

Question 12

Monosaccharides are

Answer 12

fructose, glucose, and galactose

Question 13

Fructose is naturally found where

Answer 13

fruits and vegetables

Question 14

galactose is naturally found in food as part of what disaccharide

Answer 14

lactose

Question 15

what are the 3 disccharides

Answer 15

lactose, sucrose, maltose

Question 16

sucrose

Answer 16

glucose and fructose

Question 17

lactose

Answer 17

glucose and galactose

Question 18

maltose

Answer 18

glucose and glucose

Question 19

when is maltose produced

Answer 19

fermentation

Question 20

what are polysaccahrides known as

Answer 20

starch, fiber, and glycogen

Question 21

straight starch chains

Answer 21

amylose

Question 22

branched starch chains

Answer 22

amylopectin

Question 23

where does starch digestion begin

Answer 23

the mouth with saliva amylase

Question 24

where is most of starch digestion done

Answer 24

small intestine

Question 25

predominant glucose regulating hormones

Answer 25

insulin and glucagon

Question 26

normal glucose under resting conditions

Answer 26

70-100 mg.dL

Question 27

insulin in secreted from where and when

Answer 27

from beta cells of the pancreas to transport glucose from the blood inot the cells and tissues- after high carb consumption

Question 28

glucagon is secreted by who and when

Answer 28

from alpha celss from the pancrease to release glucose from the liver stores when the glucose concentration is low

Question 29

hyperglycemia

Answer 29

high blood glucose

Question 30

hypoglycemia

Answer 30

low blood glucose, usually below 50 mg.dL

Question 31

energy content of carbs

Answer 31

4 kcal/g

Question 32

low GI foods range

Answer 32

below 60

Question 33

high GI foods range

Answer 33

above 85

Question 34

2 major storage locations of glycogen

Answer 34

skeletal muscles and liver

Question 35

term for synthesis of fatty acids

Answer 35

lipogenesis

Question 36

process of producing glucose from other sources

Answer 36

gluconeogensis

Question 37

when is carbo hydrate primary source of energy

Answer 37

anaerobic glycolysis: high intensity, short duration, anaerobic exercise
oxidative phosphorylation: moderate to high inteisty aerobic exercise

Question 38

Current recommendation for total carb intake for training athletes is what

Answer 38

3 to 12 g.kg of body weight daily

Question 39

low intensity carb req

Answer 39

3 to 5 g.kg

Question 40

endurance athlete consumption of carbs

Answer 40

6-10 g.kg.day to maintain hgihg levels

Question 41

What percentage is the recommended carbs intake for adults

Answer 41

45-65%