Chapter 4 - Body Tissues Flashcards
Gland Secretion Methods
Merocrine
Apocrine
Holocrine
Merocrine Secretion
Product from secretory vesicles by exocytosis into an epithelial-wall duct or ducts and then into the body’s surface or lumen
Example: Pancreas, Sweat, or Salivary Gland
Apocrine Secretion
Involves the loss of a portion of the cytoplasm of the cell, as well as the secretory product
Example: Mammary Gland
Holocrine Secretion
Secretion releases the cell’s contents by the bursting of the plasma membrane, which then destroys the cell and results in the secretion of the product into the lumen
Example: Sebaceous Gland
Layers of the Epidermis (CLGSB)
- Corneum
- Lucidem (missing in thin skin)
- Granulosum
- Spinosum
- Basale (Germinativum)
Layers of the Dermis (P&R)
- Papillary Layer
2. Reticular Layer
Sebaceous Gland
Secrete sebum (waxy oil)
Suderiferous Gland
Sweat gland
Apocrine Sweat Gland
Always attached to hair follicles; secretion is viscid
Eccrine (Merocrine) Sweat Gland
Found all over the body; secretion is watery
Endothelium
Simple Squamous - lining lymphatic vessels, blood vessels
Endocardium
Simple Squamous - lining the heart
Mesothelium
Epithelium found lining serous membranes
Types of Tissue
- Epithelial Tissue
- Muscle Tissue
- Connective Tissue
Types of Muscle Tissue
- Skeletal
- Cardiac
- Smooth
Myocytes
Muscle Cells or “Muscle Fiber”
Nervous Tissue Cells
Neurons - primary cells
Glial - helper cells
Connective Tissue Protein Fiber
- Collagen
- Elastic
- Reticular
Areolar Connective Tissue
Loose Connective Tissue
- Function: Support epithelia tissue
- Location: Always under epithelial tissue
- Primary Cell: Fibroblast cell is primary
- Primary Protein Fibers: All protein fibers
Adipose Connective Tissue
Loose Connective Tissue
- Function: Reserve food fuel, insulation
- Location: Abs, around organs
- Primary Cell: Adipocyte cell is primary
- Primary Protein Fibers:
Reticular Connective Tissue
Ret = Net
Loose Connective Tissue
- Function: Creates a net to hold/trap cells
- Location:
- Primary Cell: Lymphocyte cell is primary
- Primary Protein Fibers: Reticular protein fibers
Regular Connective Tissue
Dense Connective Tissue
- Function: Binds/attaches “Rope of the Body”
- Location: Tendons, ligaments
- Primary Cell: Fibroblast cell is primary
- Primary Protein Fibers: Collagen protein fibers
Irregular Connective Tissue
Dense Connective Tissue
- Function: Binds/attaches, hold tension in many directions
- Location: Capsules of joints, skin, digestive tract
- Primary Cell: Fibroblast cell is primary
- Primary Protein Fibers: Collagen protein fibers
3 Types of Cartilage
- Hyaline Cartilage (most abundant)
- Elastic Cartilage
- Fibrocartilage
Hyaline Cartilage
Chondrocyte in Lacuna
Most abundant
Examples of Hyaline:
- Articular - end of bones
- Costal - in the ribs
- Respiratory - bridge of nose, trachea, larynx
Elastic Cartilage
Least abundant
Examples:
- Ear
- Epiglottis
Fibrocartilage
“Blue Fibers”
Shock absorption
Locations:
- Knees
- Spine, discs
- Pubic symphysis
Osseous (Bone) Tissue
Calcium - gives the matrix a solid structure
