Chapter 4 - Body Tissues

Question 1

Gland Secretion Methods

Answer 1

Merocrine
Apocrine
Holocrine

Question 2

Merocrine Secretion

Answer 2

Product from secretory vesicles by exocytosis into an epithelial-wall duct or ducts and then into the body’s surface or lumen

Example: Pancreas, Sweat, or Salivary Gland

Question 3

Apocrine Secretion

Answer 3

Involves the loss of a portion of the cytoplasm of the cell, as well as the secretory product

Example: Mammary Gland

Question 4

Holocrine Secretion

Answer 4

Secretion releases the cell’s contents by the bursting of the plasma membrane, which then destroys the cell and results in the secretion of the product into the lumen

Example: Sebaceous Gland

Question 5

Layers of the Epidermis (CLGSB)

Answer 5

1. Corneum
2. Lucidem (missing in thin skin)
3. Granulosum
4. Spinosum
5. Basale (Germinativum)

Question 6

Layers of the Dermis (P&R)

Answer 6

1. Papillary Layer

2. Reticular Layer

Question 7

Sebaceous Gland

Answer 7

Secrete sebum (waxy oil)

Question 8

Suderiferous Gland

Answer 8

Sweat gland

Question 9

Apocrine Sweat Gland

Answer 9

Always attached to hair follicles; secretion is viscid

Question 10

Eccrine (Merocrine) Sweat Gland

Answer 10

Found all over the body; secretion is watery

Question 11

Endothelium

Answer 11

Simple Squamous - lining lymphatic vessels, blood vessels

Question 12

Endocardium

Answer 12

Simple Squamous - lining the heart

Question 13

Mesothelium

Answer 13

Epithelium found lining serous membranes

Question 14

Types of Tissue

Answer 14

1. Epithelial Tissue
2. Muscle Tissue
3. Connective Tissue

Question 15

Types of Muscle Tissue

Answer 15

1. Skeletal
2. Cardiac
3. Smooth

Question 16

Myocytes

Answer 16

Muscle Cells or “Muscle Fiber”

Question 17

Nervous Tissue Cells

Answer 17

Neurons - primary cells

Glial - helper cells

Question 18

Connective Tissue Protein Fiber

Answer 18

1. Collagen
2. Elastic
3. Reticular

Question 19

Areolar Connective Tissue

Answer 19

Loose Connective Tissue

• Function: Support epithelia tissue
• Location: Always under epithelial tissue
• Primary Cell: Fibroblast cell is primary
• Primary Protein Fibers: All protein fibers

Question 20

Adipose Connective Tissue

Answer 20

Loose Connective Tissue

• Function: Reserve food fuel, insulation
• Location: Abs, around organs
• Primary Cell: Adipocyte cell is primary
• Primary Protein Fibers:

Question 21

Reticular Connective Tissue

Ret = Net

Answer 21

Loose Connective Tissue

• Function: Creates a net to hold/trap cells
• Location:
• Primary Cell: Lymphocyte cell is primary
• Primary Protein Fibers: Reticular protein fibers

Question 22

Regular Connective Tissue

Answer 22

Dense Connective Tissue

• Function: Binds/attaches “Rope of the Body”
• Location: Tendons, ligaments
• Primary Cell: Fibroblast cell is primary
• Primary Protein Fibers: Collagen protein fibers

Question 23

Irregular Connective Tissue

Answer 23

Dense Connective Tissue

• Function: Binds/attaches, hold tension in many directions
• Location: Capsules of joints, skin, digestive tract
• Primary Cell: Fibroblast cell is primary
• Primary Protein Fibers: Collagen protein fibers

Question 24

3 Types of Cartilage

Answer 24

1. Hyaline Cartilage (most abundant)
2. Elastic Cartilage
3. Fibrocartilage

Question 25

Hyaline Cartilage

Answer 25

Chondrocyte in Lacuna

Most abundant

Examples of Hyaline:

• Articular - end of bones
• Costal - in the ribs
• Respiratory - bridge of nose, trachea, larynx

Question 26

Elastic Cartilage

Answer 26

Least abundant

Examples:

• Ear
• Epiglottis

Question 27

Fibrocartilage

Answer 27

“Blue Fibers”

Shock absorption

Locations:

1. Knees
2. Spine, discs
3. Pubic symphysis

Question 28

Osseous (Bone) Tissue

Answer 28

Calcium - gives the matrix a solid structure