Chapter 4: Biomechanical principles Flashcards
What is inertia?
the resistance of a body to a change in its state of motion
What is force?
the product of mass and acceleration
Force = mass x acceleration
What is displacement?
the difference between the initial position and final position of an object
What is velocity?
the rate of the speed at which an object moves its position
Velocity = displacement / time
What is speed?
The average speed of a body refers to the distance covered divided by the time taken.
Speed = distance / time
What is acceleration?
Acceleration refers to the rate of velocity change experienced by an object over time.
Acceleration = Final velocity - Initial velocity / time
What is momentum?
The product of mass and velocity; for example, a body with greater mass moving faster will have greater momentum than a lighter object moving slower.
Momentum = mass x velocity
What is impulse?
the product of force and time
impulse = force x time
What is summation of forces?
The correct timing and sequencing of body parts to produce maximal force
What is torque?
a force that is applied at a distance away from the centre of mass, that causes the object to rotate
What is newtons first law of motion?
an object will remain in its state of motion (at rest or at a constant velocity) unless acted upon by an unbalanced external force.
What is newtons second law of motion?
when a force is applied to an object, it will accelerate in the direction the force is applied, directly proportional to the size of the force and inversely proportional to the mass.
What is newtons third law of motion?
for every force, there is an equal and opposite reaction force.
What is the purpose of a third class lever?
To amplify speed
What is mechanical advantage?
Mechanical advantage is a measure of the force or speed amplification generated by a lever.
Where is the force located in third class levers
The middle
What is a projectile?
an airborne object that is only under the influence of gravity and air resistance.
What are the three factors of projectile motion?
angle of release
height of release
speed of release
What is angular displacement?
The change of angle between the initial and final position
What are factors that can effect stability?
Centre of gravity
base of support
friction
mass
What is qualitative movement analysis?
Qualitative analysis involves observing a movement and using a set of principles to provide feedback about the effectiveness of the movement.
What are the 4 stages of qualitative analysis?
Preparation
Observation
Evaluation
Error correction
What occurs in the preparation phase?
the coach identifies critical features of the tasks to be performed, compiles information about the performer and outlines how they will complete the observation and provide feedback to the athlete.
What occurs during the observation phase?
Data is collected
What happens during the evaluation phase?
analyse performance to determine strengths and weaknesses that has been collected.
What happens in error correction?
The information from the analysis is used to provide feedback to the athlete and develop a strategy to correct errors in their technique.
