Chapter 4 Basic Concepts About Matter

Question 1

Chemistry

Answer 1

the scientific discipline concerned with the characteristics, composition, and transformations of matter

Question 2

Matter

Answer 2

Anything that has mass and occupies space

Question 3

Properties

Answer 3

distinguishing characteristics of a substance that are used for identification and description

Question 4

Physical Property

Answer 4

a characteristic of a substance that can be observed w/o changing the substance into another substance

Question 5

Chemical Property

Answer 5

characteristic of a substance that describes the way a substance undergoes or resists change to form a new substance

Question 6

Intensive Property

Answer 6

Property independent of the amount of a substance

Question 7

Extensive Property

Answer 7

Property dependent on the amount of a substance

Question 8

Physical Change

Answer 8

a process in which a substance changes its physical appearance but not its chemical composition

Question 9

Chemical Change

Answer 9

a process in which a substance undergoes a change in chemical composition. Also called a chemical reaction

Question 10

Pure Substance

Answer 10

a single kind of substance that cannot be separated into other kinds of matter using physical means

Question 11

Mixture

Answer 11

physical combination if two or more pure substances in which each retains its own identity

Question 12

Heterogeneous Mixture

Answer 12

a mixture that contains to or more visually distinguishable parts, each of which has different properties.

Question 13

Homogeneous Mixture

Answer 13

a mixture that contains only one visually distinguishable phase

Question 14

Element

Answer 14

Pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler pure substances using ordinary chemical means.

Question 15

Compound

Answer 15

pure substance that can be broken down into two or more simpler pure substances by chemical means

Question 16

Atom

Answer 16

smallest particle of an element that can exist and still have the properties of an element

Question 17

Molecule

Answer 17

group of two or more atoms that function as a unit because the units are tightly bound together

Question 18

Homoatomic Molecule

Answer 18

molecule in which all elements are the same. Pure substances with homoatomic molecules must be pure substances

Question 19

Heteroatomic Molecule

Answer 19

molecule with two or more different kinds of atoms are present. Pure substances with heteroatomic molecules must be compunds

Question 20

Molecular Compounds

Answer 20

compounds that have heteroatomic molecules as their basic structure

Question 21

Ions

Answer 21

three-dimensional assemblies of positively and negatively charged particles

Question 22

Ionic Compound

Answer 22

Compound consisting of ions rather than molecules

Question 23

Formula Unit

Answer 23

describes the smallest ratio between ions in a compound. Similar to a chemical formula