Chapter 4 and 5 Test Flashcards
The principal quantum number indicates which property of an electron?
Energy level.
The atomic number of an element is the total number of which particles in the nucleus?
Protons.
Which of the following was originally a tenet of Dalton’s atomic theory, but had to be revised about a century ago?
Atoms are tiny indivisible particles.
What is the maximum number of d orbitals in a principal energy level?
5.
Which of the following is rue about subatomic particles?
The mass of a neutron nearly equals the mass of a proton.
What is the maximum number of f orbitals in any single energy level in an atom?
7.
In the Bohr model of the atom, an electron in an orbit has a fixed…
Energy.
Isotopes of the same element have different…
number of neutrons.
The particles that are found in the nucleus of an atom are..
Protons and neutrons.
The nucleus of an atom is…
The central core and is composed of protons and neutrons.
What is the basis for exceptions to the aufbau diagram?
Filled and half-filled energy sublevels are more stabel than partially-filled energy sublevels.
Who was the man who lived from 460 B.C.-370 B.C. and was among the first to suggest the idea of atoms?
Democritus.
How is the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom calculated?
Subtract the number of protons from the mass number.
If three electrons are available to fill three empty 2p atomic orvitals, how will the electrons be distributed in the three orbitals?
One electron in each orbital.
The letter “p” in the symbol 4p^3 indicates the…
orbital shape.
What is the maximum number of orbitals in the p sublevel?
3.
What types of atomic orbitals are in the third principal energy level?
s, p, and d only.
What is the shape of the 3p atomic orbital?
dumbbell.
All atoms are…
neutral, with the number of protons equaling the number of electrons.
Stable electron configurations are likely to contain..
Filled energy sublevels.
What is the electron configuration of potassium?
1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s1.
When an electron moves from a lower to a higher energy level, the electron…
Absorbs a quantum of energy.
The smallest particle of an elecment that retains the properties of that element is a(n)…
atom.
Dalton’s atomic theory included which idea?
Atoms of the same element are always identical.
What does the number 84 in the name krypton-84 represent?
The mass number.
Describe the three different principles (or rules) that govern the building of an electron configuration.
Aufbau Principle: Electrons occupy the lowest energy first.
Pauli Exclusion Principle: An orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons; spin (up and down)
Hund’s Rule: Electrons half-fill orbitals of the same energy before pairing up.
