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Bio 100 > Chapter 4 and 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 and 5 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Bacteria and Archae

A

Prokaryotic

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2
Q

Plants and animals

A

Eukaryotic

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3
Q

nucleoid

A

prokaryote

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4
Q

Outer layer of polysaccharides

A

capsule

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5
Q

motility appendage

A

flagella

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6
Q

attachment and plasmid transfer

A

fimbriae

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7
Q

maintain osmotic pressure

A

cell wall

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8
Q

lipid bilayer with protiens

A

cell membrane

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9
Q

semifluid interior

A

cytoplasm

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10
Q

protein synthesis

A

ribosomes

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11
Q

Storgae in prokaryote

A

cytoplasmic inclusions

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12
Q

circular dna chromosome in prokaryote

A

nucleoid

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13
Q

extrachromosomal dna

A

plasmid

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14
Q

membrane bound nucleus

A

eukaryote

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15
Q

Nucleus ribosomes

A

information

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16
Q

Er and golgi

A

endomembrane system

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17
Q

Chloroplasts mitochondria

A

energy-related organelles

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18
Q

nucleus lipid bilayer

A

nuclear envelope

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19
Q

pores that allow for communication in nucleus

A

nuclear pores

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20
Q

Semi-fluid interior of nucleus

A

nucleoplasm

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21
Q

site of rRna synthesis

A

nucleolus

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22
Q

ribosomes suspended in cytosol

A

free ribosomes

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23
Q

Ribosomes attached to ER/nuclear envelope

A

bound ribosomes

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24
Q

sacs made of membrane

A

vesicles

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25
Q

largest part of endomembrane system

A

endoplasmic reticulum

26
Q

no ribosomes

A

smooth ER

27
Q

ribosomes on outer layer of membrane

A

rough ER

28
Q

warehouse/processing station for items manufactured by ER

A

golgi apparatus

29
Q

membrane enclosed sac of digestive enzymes

A

lysosome

30
Q

large vesicles with a variety of functions

A

vacuole

31
Q

metabolic compartments that do not originate from the endomembrane system

A

peroxisomes

32
Q

organelle that carries out cellular respiration

A

mitochondria

33
Q

the narrow region between the inner and outer membranes in mitochondria

A

intermembrane space

34
Q

part of the mitochondria that contains mitochondrial dna, ribosomes, and various enxymes

A

mitochondrial matrix

35
Q

folds of the inner mitochondrial membrane that increase it’s surface area

A

cristae

36
Q

photosynthesizing organelles of plants and algae

A

chloroplasts

37
Q

thick fluid in a plant’s inner membrane

A

stroma

38
Q

stroma is holds?

A

chloroplast dna, ribosomes, enzymes, and thylakoids

39
Q

membrane-bound compartments inside chloroplasts where light reactions take place

A

thylakoids

40
Q

stack of thylakoids

A

granum

41
Q

Theory stating that mitochondria and chloroplasts were small that began living in larger cells

A

endosymbiotic theory

42
Q

network of protein fibers which organize the structures and activities of the cell

A

cytoskeleton

43
Q

Intracellular traffic control,
Cell separation in mitosis, support the cell’s shape, and
are involved in motility.

A

Actin filaments (microfilaments)

44
Q

are found in the cells of most animals, reinforce cell shape and anchor some organelles, and
are often more permanent fixtures in the cell.

A

intermediate filaments

45
Q

shape and support the cell and
act as tracks along which organelles equipped with motor proteins move.

A

microtubules (tubulin)

46
Q

region near the nucleus where the microtubules grow out of

A

centrosome

47
Q

contains a pair of centrioles, each composed of a ring of microtubules.

A

centrosome

48
Q

longer than cilia, propels a cell by an undulating, whip-like motion.

A

flagellum

49
Q

composed of microtubules wrapped in an extension of the plasma membrane

A

flagella and cilia

50
Q

motor proteins in cilia and flagella that bend

A

dynein feet

51
Q

helps hold cells together in tissues and protects and supports the plasma membrane

A

extracellular matrix (ECM)

52
Q

glycoproteins that then bind to membrane proteins

A

integrins

53
Q

prevent leakage of fluid across a layer of epithelial cells.

A

tight junctions

54
Q

fasten cells together into sheets.

A

adjacent anchoring junctions

55
Q

channels that allow small molecules to flow through protein-lined pores between cells.

A

gap junctions

56
Q

protects and provides skeletal support that helps keep the plant upright and is primarily composed of cellulose

A

cell wall

57
Q

junctions in plants that allow movement of water, nourishment, and chemical messages

A

plasmodesmata

58
Q

All organisms are composed of cells, All cells come only from preexisting cells, Cells are the smallest structural and functional unit of organisms

A

cell theory

59
Q

phospholipid bilayer

A

fluid mosaic model

60
Q

line the external and cytoplasmic surfaces

A

hydrophilic heads

61
Q

serve as ID tags and can be recognized by membrane protiens of other cells

A

glycoproteins

Bio 100 (5 decks)

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