bio chap3 Flashcards
monosaccahride
simple sugars, the simplest forms of sugar and the most basic units from which all carbohydrates are built.
disaccharide
ugar formed when two monosaccharides are joined by glycosidic linkage. Like monosaccharides, disaccharides are simple sugars soluble in water. Three common examples are sucrose, lactose, and maltose. Disaccharides are one of the four chemical groupings of carbohydrates.
polysaccharide
he most abundant carbohydrates found in food. They are long chain polymeric carbohydrates composed of monosaccharide units bound together by glycosidic linkages.
what do polysaccharides function as?
storage molecule and structural compounds
what do disaccharides function as?
body energy source
How are disaccharides formed?
monosaccharides bond using hydrolysis and create disaccharides
What do monosaccharides function as?
the body’s energy needs
How is dissacharide sucrose formed?
combining a fructose monomer and a glucose monomer
how is disaccharide maltose formed?
formed by two glucose monomers
What are starches and glycogen ?
polysaccharides
What do plants use for energy storage ?
starch
what do animals use as energy storage ?
glycogen
what is starch and glycogen composed of?
glucose monomers
What is cellulose ?
glucose polymer that forms plant cell walls and is a carbohydrate used for structure
What is a chitin ?
A polysaccharide used by insects to form an exoskeleton and is found in the cell walls of fungi