Chapter 4: Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
While at work at a machine shop, a man is turning a piece of steel on a lathe. The chuck is not tight enough, and when the tool makes contact with the steel, the steel projects itself toward the man. He puts his arm up to block his face, and the steel makes a deep laceration in the back of his upper arm. Using correct terminology, describe the location of the injury in relation to these other body structures: a. Elbow: ___________________ b. Shoulder:_________________
a. proximal b. distal
While at work at a machine shop, a man is turning a piece of steel on a lathe. The chuck is not tight enough, and when the tool makes contact with the steel, the steel projects itself toward the man. He puts his arm up to block his face, and the steel makes a deep laceration in the back of his upper arm. Is the injury superior or inferior to the pelvis?
Superior
What is the purpose of the respiratory system?
Supplies the body with oxygen through breathing
What are the main components of the respiratory system?
Airway and lungs
What is the purpose of the musculoskeletal system?
Provides the bodies framework
What are the main components of the musculoskeletal system?
Bones, muscles, joints, ligaments, tendons
What is the purpose of the nervous system?
One of two primary regulatory systems in the body; transmits messages to and from the brain
What are the main components of the nervous system?
brain, spinal cord, and nerves
What is the purpose of the digestive system?
Breaks down food and eliminates waste
What are the main components of the digestive system?
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines
What is the purpose of the integumentary system?
helps prevent infection and dehydration
What are the main components of the integumentary system?
Skin, hair, and nails
What is the purpose of the circulatory system?
Transports nutrients and oxygen to body cells and removes waste products
What are the main components of the circulatory system?
Heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, blood
What is the purpose of the endocrine system?
Secretes hormones and other substances into blood and onto skin
What are the main components of the endocrine system?
Glands
What is the purpose of the genitourinary system?
Performs the processes of reproduction and removes wastes from the circulatory system and regulates water balance
What are the main components of the genitourinary system?
Uterus and genitalia and kidneys and bladder
What are the major structures within in the thoracic cavity?
Heart, lungs
You are called to a school where a teenaged boy is hav- ing a severe allergic reaction and has used his prescribed epinephrine auto-injector. He has a MedicAlert® medical identification product around his neck that indicates he has a severe allergy to peanuts. The person sitting beside him in the cafeteria was eating a granola bar. Anaphylaxis is a reaction that can affect which of the following body systems? a. Nervous, endocrine, and genitourinary b. Integumentary, endocrine, musculoskeletal, and nervous c. Digestive, respiratory, and genitourinary d. Integumentary, respiratory, cardiovascular, and digestive
Integumentary, respiratory, cardiovascular, and digestive
Hives or redness of the skin may be the visual signs of anaphylaxis on the skin. What signs may be present that indicate an effect on the digestive system?
Nausea and vomiting
Epinephrine opens the airway and stimulates the heart to continue beating. Which two body systems does this indicate that epinephrine affects?
Respiratory and circulatory
While at work at a machine shop, a man is turning a piece of steel on a lathe. The chuck is not tight enough, and when the tool makes contact with the steel, the steel projects itself toward the man. He puts his arm up to block his face, and the steel makes a deep laceration in the back of his upper arm. Which two body systems will interact to alert the man to his injury? a. Nervous and respiratory b. Endocrine and nervous c. Nervous and integumentary d. Circulatory and digestive
Nervous and integumentary
The epiglottis prevents liquids and solids from entering what? a. The stomach b. The lungs c. The esophagus d. The intestines
The lungs
