Chapter 4 - Acids and redox

Question 1

What is acid?

Answer 1

Is a compound that releases hydrogen ions (H+, protons) in aqueous solution. It is a proton donor.

Question 2

What is a monobasic acid?

Answer 2

an acid that has only 1 hydrogen ion to donate to a base in an acid-base reaction. It has 1 replaced hydrogen ion.

Question 3

What is dibasic acid?

Answer 3

It has 2 replaced hydrogen ion.

e.g H2SO4

Question 4

What is a tribasic acid?

Answer 4

It has 3 replaced hydrogen ion.

e.g H3PO4

Question 5

What is a weak acid?

Answer 5

will partially dissociate in aqueous solution

Question 6

What does strength mean?

Answer 6

refers to the amount of dissociation into hydrogen ions.

Strong -> Weak

Question 7

What does concentration mean?

Answer 7

refers to amount of moles of the acid dissolved in 1dm3 of H2O.
Concentrated -> Dilute

Question 8

What is a base?

Answer 8

is a substance that accepts hydrogen ions (H+, protons) from an acid.
It is a proton acceptor.

Question 9

What are some common bases?

Answer 9

Metal oxides (e.g MgO, CuO)
Metal Hydroxides (e.g Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2)
Ammonia (NH3)
Amines (CH3NH3)

Question 10

What are the bases Magnesium oxide (MgO) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) used for?

Answer 10

Neutralises acid in the stomach (indigestion medicine)

Question 11

What Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2 used to?

Answer 11

Neutralises acidic soils

Question 12

Give some examples of alkalis?

Answer 12

STRONG
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
WEAK
Ammonia

Question 13

What is a salt?

Answer 13

A salt is formed when the H+ ions in acid are replaced by a metal ion or an ammonium ion

Question 14

acid + base ->

Answer 14

Salt + Water

Question 15

acid + alkali ->

Answer 15

Salt + Water

Question 16

acid + metal carbonate ->

Answer 16

Salt + CO2 + Water (fizzing)

Question 17

acid + metal ->

Answer 17

Salt (ammonium)

Question 18

acid + metal (redox reaction) ->

Answer 18

Salt + Hydrogen