Chapter 4 Flashcards
Heterogenous
Different parts of the mixture are visible. Example: cereal and raisins
Homogenous
Substances in these mixtures are so evenly mixed you cannot see the difference parts. Examples: tea, coffee, gatorade
Solutions
One part(solute) is dissolved into the other part(solvent). Examples: salt, water, air alloys
Solubility
A measure of how much solute can dissolve in a given solvent at a particular temperature(soluble)
Suspensions
A mixture in which particles are dispersed throughout a liquid or gas but are too large to stay that way and they settle out. Examples: snow globe
Colloids
Uniformly mixed but one part is suspended in the other, does not settle or dissolve, scatters light(opaque). Examples: milk, oobleck, jello, fog
Separating methods
Filtering, magnetism, evaporation, distillation, sifting, straining, centrifuge
Mixtures
Made up of two or more substances that are together in the same place but are not chemically combined
How are mixtures different than pure substances?
Each substance in a mixture keeps its individual properties(no chemical change). The parts of a mixture are not combined in a set ratio.
What does a chemical formula show?
The elements in the compound and the ratio of their atoms.
Molecule
A particle made up of two or more atoms
Chemical bond
A force of attraction between two or more atoms
Compounds
A pure substance made of two or more elements chemically combined
Physical properties
Melting point, boiling point, density, appearance, odor, texture
Chemical properties
Flammability, toxicity, acidity, reactivity
Atoms
Basic particle from which all elements are made
What are elements made of?
The smallest possible piece of matter, atom
Pure substance
A substance in which there is only one type of particle
Element
A pure substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance by physical or chemical means
What can matter be classified into?
Elements, compounds, and mixtures
