chapter 4 Flashcards
Cephalocaudal Pattern
Developmental sequence in which two of the earliest growth always occurs at the top-the head-with physical growth size, weight, and feature differentiation gradually working from top to bottom.
Proximodistal
Developmental sequence in which growth starts at the center of the body and moves toward the extremities.
What are the four lobes of the brain?
The frontal lobes are involved in voluntary moment, thinking, personality, and intentionality or purpose.
The parital lobe: the parital lobe play important roles in registering spatial location, attention, and motor control.
REM sleep
In REM sleep, the eyes flutter beneath closed lids; in non-REM sleep, this type of eye movement does not occur and sleep is more quit.
SIDS
Sudden infant death syndrome.
SIDS happens when?
An infant stops breathing, usually during the night and die suddenly without any apparent reason.
Dynamic systems theory
The perspective on motor development that seeks to explain how motor behaviors are assembled for perceiving and acting.
Reflexes
Built-in reactions to stimuli that govern the newborn’s movements, which are automatic and beyond the newborn’s control.
Rooting reflex
A newborn’s built-in reaction that occurs when the infants cheek is stroked or the side of the mouth is touched. In response, the infant turns his or her head toward the side that was touched, in an apparent effort to find something to suck.
Sucking reflex
A newborn’s reaction to automatically suck an object placed in its mouth. The sucking reflex enables the infant to get nourishment before he or she has associated a nipple with food and also serves as a self-soothing or self-regulating mechanism.
Moro reflex
A neonatal startle response in which the newborn arches its back, throws its head back, flings out its arms and legs, and then pulls its arms and legs close to the center of the body
Define the differences between gross and fine motor skills
Fine motor skills are small movements — such as picking up small objects and holding a spoon — that use the small muscles of the fingers, toes, wrists, lips, and tongue. Gross motor skills are the bigger movements — such as rolling over and sitting — that use the large muscles in the arms, legs, torso, and feet.
