Chapter 4 Flashcards
importance of educational dance
-based on movements that are familiar; integration into PE is possible
-requires creativity of the educator; willingness to take a risk
important:
-teaches self-expression through movement
-reinforces cognitive and motor aspects of fundemental movement
-allows students to pratice expressing themselves through movement, for the sake of movement (as opposed to practicing for the win)
dance lessons/ units
-traditional folk dances and line dances
-can be created/choreographed by teachers/students
imagery incorporate use of: props, words, stories, lyrics
imagery
- imagery is based on
- a story or character
- involves behaviors of the character
- involves the qualities of the environment
- involves the emotions of the story
- involves qualities of the music
structuring a lesson
- decided what concepts you want to work on
- cognitive and motor
- affective and social - decide and select what equipment/props you will use
the lesson plan: warm up:
- transition from sitting classroom to movement exploration mindset
- from the correct response to a creative response -themes are helpful
the lesson plan: body shapes:
- using words to describe the shapes and actions you are looking for
- reinforcing creativity-acknowledge unique shapes
the lesson plan: closure activity
-review of concepts taught in lesson
the lesson plan: cool down
-can help transition from free, creative energy back to class
developing physical literacy
-the foundation of an active life and excellence in sport
motivation to move
- what makes a child youth motivated to move, and keep moving
- feeling that PA is worth it
- feeling competent
- PA=fun!
- movement education approach: focuses on everyone having sucess and opportunity fro problem solving, physical and cognitive engagement
coping skills
- stress relief
- anxiety relief
- mental health
mental health
- depression
- OCD
- grief
- eating disorder
- addictive behaviors
- bi-polar
mental health effects
- realtionships
- occupation
- self-harm
- suicide
- sleep
BDNF
-brain derived neurotrophic factor
-a protein in the brain
-building and maintenance of nervous system structures
-stimulates neuron growth
-protects against neuron loss
-strengthens neural connections
animal studies: exercise increase BDNF in hippocampus
what is active learning
- the idea that movement activates the brain and stimulates learning
- contrary to traditional learning environments = set, watch , listen
active learning is successful for who?
- typically developed learners
- exceptional learners
the new PE: zero hour
7: 00am gym class
- aerobic activity- tracking HR-goal: maintain 80-90% f their max HR throughout
- students had a low literacy class to bring their reading up to par
results: 17.8% improvement in reading comp, as compared to those who did not part take in PE program = 10% improvement
what did the zero hours do?
- shifted focus of PE classes from teaching sports- to teaching fitness
- hard evidence for admin
- school is now (2008) ranks among top ten schools
beginning of the lesson
- present objectives of the lesson
- cognitive: children verbalize defs of concepts
- may include motor objectives
- social: interpersonal skills
- motor skills
introductions of lesson
- brief
- focused on movement elements needed for success in the activity
- what is the most important thing the children need to know for this activity
structuring practice
- blocked- simple tasks; does success in one task foster success in the actual game/activity?
- challenge- what happens when children do not have the chance to explore more complex skills?
- demotivation
- loss of interest
- challenge point theory
- optimal theory
educational games
- importance of planning structured practice
- building of skills
- keep track
educational gymnastics
- about concepts relating to gymnastics as opposed to skills specific to gymnastics
- creating body shapes
- exploring balance and bases of support
- body parts- general to specific
- tumbling tasks ex) rolling
- weight transfer
body part balance
-connecting balance to base of support
activity analysis
step 1: name the task
step 2: write down objective of the task
step 3: identity the most important movement concepts
step 4: from that list- identify most important category
step 5: from that list- identify most important elements
step 6: initial analysis-what do you expect to see
applying activity analysis
-using the movement concepts, categories, and elements-observation of students performance should then occur
when planning your lesson:
-write out specific questions based on above
ex) does this student demo a good understanding of this element
-do students move in a general space, while maintaining personal space
-do they students demo an understanding of the relationship between elements
stages of learning
- sequences of motor movement have a restricted course: inital pattern (blue print) is required
- to complete the motor task effectively: degree of freedom= more percise, defferentiation
- practice= automaticity, inital patterns become “fixed” , integrated into related movements
early/cognitive phase
- instructions and demo matter
- beginner/novice learners
- must attend to cues, events, and responses while learning ex) dance
- good teaching= aknowledgement of effort, use of cues
intermediate/associative phase
-this phase lasts for varying durations of time
-dependant on complexity of skill
-number of pattern incorporated
-patterns learned in the early/cogntiive phase:
practiced, new patterns begin to emerge, include any “bad habits” learned previously
-efficiency is the goal
scheduling of practice: no single optimal plan, REST facilitates performance, fatigue= poor patterning
-part/whole practice: important in this phase, take pieces out, work on it, put back in and do whole
autonomous phase
- patterns of movement are more automatic
- performance is maintained despite interference/ distraction of other skills
ex) walking and talking - allows for move focus on 2nd task
- in this phase of learning: too much verbal cuing can cause distraction, decrease performance, but: learning can still occur
