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Functional Anatomy > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

The central nervous system consist of the what two parts

A

Brain and spinal cord

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2
Q

What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

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3
Q

What impulses travel toward the central nervous system

A

Afferent

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4
Q

What impulses travel away from the central nervous system

A

Efferent

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5
Q
  1. An impulse traveling into a neuron enters at the_______, is processed in the_______, and moves onto the next neuron or organ through the_______.
A

Dendrite, cell body, axon

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6
Q
  1. The white, fatty coating on some neurons is called
A

Myelin

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7
Q
  1. The junction between two neurons or a neuron and an organ is called the________.
A

Synapse

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8
Q
  1. The four main divisions of the brain are the _______, the _______, the _______, and the_______.
A

Frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe

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9
Q
  1. The bundles of neural processes that transmit impulses between the brain and spinal cord are called _______. The processes that communicate within a hemisphere are called_______and processes that communicate between hemispheres are called_______.
A

Tracts, association fibers, commissural fibers

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10
Q

9.The part of the brain that controls voluntary movement is called the________ _______and is located on the_______ ________. The tract that carries motor impulses is called the________ ________.

A

Frontal lobe, cerebral hemisphere, pyramidal tract

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11
Q
  1. The structure that maintains general awareness and arousal is called the_________________ _____________.
A

Reticular formation

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12
Q
  1. The________provides buoyancy and protects the brain from being jostled. It is found in the_______layer of the meninges.
A

Cerebral spinal fluid, subarachnoid

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13
Q

The__________ __________are found deep in cerebral hemispheres and play an important part in the control and regulation of movement.

A

Lateral ventricles

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14
Q

Sensory neurons enter the spinal cord at the _______horn, and motor neurons arise from the _______horn.

A

Dorsal, ventral

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15
Q
  1. Muscle tone is maintained by the_______and________ __________reflexes.
A

Stretch, deep tendon

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16
Q

An interlacing of the ventral aspects of the spinal nerves is called a_______.

A

Plexus

17
Q

Oculomotor, trochlear, and trigeminal are names of_______nerves.

A

Cranial

18
Q

When working with patients, three things that you should keep in mind regarding their movements are __________, __________, and __________.

A

Psychological, emotional, cognitive

19
Q
  1. Superiorly to inferiorly, the major divisions of the brain are the_______.
A

cerebrum, diencephalons, cerebellum, and brainstem

20
Q
  1. The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the nervous system_______.
A

Are part of the peripheral nervous system

21
Q

The primary function of the central nervous system is_______.

A

Controlling and integrating function

22
Q

In order, the steps of an action potential are_______.

A

depolarization, repolarization, opening of the sodium-potassium pump, release of neurotransmitter

23
Q
  1. The most commonly used neurotransmitter in the human body is_______.
A

Acetylcholine

24
Q

The mechanism that prevents unwanted and potentially harmful substances from entering the brain is the_______.

A

Blood-brain barrier

25
Q

Second-order neurons extend_______.

A

from the spinal cord to the thalamus

26
Q

The structure that separates the two hemispheres is the_______.

A

Longitudinal fissure

27
Q

The lobe of the brain that is chiefly concerned with spatial perception is the

A

Parietal lobe

28
Q

The system that identifies each function area of the brain by series of 52 numbers is known as

A

Brodmann’s areas

29
Q

The primary motor cortex is located in the

A

Precentral gyrus

30
Q

The neurotransmitter dopamine functions in conjunction with

A

The basal nuclei

31
Q

The part of the brain that controls life supporting functions is

A

The brainstem

32
Q

The amygdala and hippocampus are structures of the

A

Limbic system

33
Q

The cerebral spinal fluid is located inferior to the

A

Arachnoid mater

34
Q

The spinal nerves exit the vertebral column by the

A

Intervertebral foramina

35
Q

The cutaneous sensory regions of the body are called

A

Dermatomes

36
Q

The advantage that a plexus provides is what

A

Supplementary innervation in the event of an injury

37
Q

The brachial plexus supplies what part of the body

A

Upper extremity

38
Q

The cranial nerves arise primarily from the what

A

Brainstem

Functional Anatomy (6 decks)

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