Chapter 4 Flashcards
The central nervous system consist of the what two parts
Brain and spinal cord
What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic and parasympathetic
What impulses travel toward the central nervous system
Afferent
What impulses travel away from the central nervous system
Efferent
- An impulse traveling into a neuron enters at the_______, is processed in the_______, and moves onto the next neuron or organ through the_______.
Dendrite, cell body, axon
- The white, fatty coating on some neurons is called
Myelin
- The junction between two neurons or a neuron and an organ is called the________.
Synapse
- The four main divisions of the brain are the _______, the _______, the _______, and the_______.
Frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe
- The bundles of neural processes that transmit impulses between the brain and spinal cord are called _______. The processes that communicate within a hemisphere are called_______and processes that communicate between hemispheres are called_______.
Tracts, association fibers, commissural fibers
9.The part of the brain that controls voluntary movement is called the________ _______and is located on the_______ ________. The tract that carries motor impulses is called the________ ________.
Frontal lobe, cerebral hemisphere, pyramidal tract
- The structure that maintains general awareness and arousal is called the_________________ _____________.
Reticular formation
- The________provides buoyancy and protects the brain from being jostled. It is found in the_______layer of the meninges.
Cerebral spinal fluid, subarachnoid
The__________ __________are found deep in cerebral hemispheres and play an important part in the control and regulation of movement.
Lateral ventricles
Sensory neurons enter the spinal cord at the _______horn, and motor neurons arise from the _______horn.
Dorsal, ventral
- Muscle tone is maintained by the_______and________ __________reflexes.
Stretch, deep tendon
An interlacing of the ventral aspects of the spinal nerves is called a_______.
Plexus
Oculomotor, trochlear, and trigeminal are names of_______nerves.
Cranial
When working with patients, three things that you should keep in mind regarding their movements are __________, __________, and __________.
Psychological, emotional, cognitive
- Superiorly to inferiorly, the major divisions of the brain are the_______.
cerebrum, diencephalons, cerebellum, and brainstem
- The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the nervous system_______.
Are part of the peripheral nervous system
The primary function of the central nervous system is_______.
Controlling and integrating function
In order, the steps of an action potential are_______.
depolarization, repolarization, opening of the sodium-potassium pump, release of neurotransmitter
- The most commonly used neurotransmitter in the human body is_______.
Acetylcholine
The mechanism that prevents unwanted and potentially harmful substances from entering the brain is the_______.
Blood-brain barrier
Second-order neurons extend_______.
from the spinal cord to the thalamus
The structure that separates the two hemispheres is the_______.
Longitudinal fissure
The lobe of the brain that is chiefly concerned with spatial perception is the
Parietal lobe
The system that identifies each function area of the brain by series of 52 numbers is known as
Brodmann’s areas
The primary motor cortex is located in the
Precentral gyrus
The neurotransmitter dopamine functions in conjunction with
The basal nuclei
The part of the brain that controls life supporting functions is
The brainstem
The amygdala and hippocampus are structures of the
Limbic system
The cerebral spinal fluid is located inferior to the
Arachnoid mater
The spinal nerves exit the vertebral column by the
Intervertebral foramina
The cutaneous sensory regions of the body are called
Dermatomes
The advantage that a plexus provides is what
Supplementary innervation in the event of an injury
The brachial plexus supplies what part of the body
Upper extremity
The cranial nerves arise primarily from the what
Brainstem
