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8th History > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the main economic activity in all colonies?

A

Farming

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2
Q

What is subsistence farming?

A

Producing for their families with not enough left to trade (the whole family worked)

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3
Q

What is commercial agriculture?

A

When larger amounts of crops are produced to make a profit

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4
Q

Why did New England farmers practice subsistence farming?

A

There were long and harsh winters and thin rocky soil

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5
Q

What were the two main industries of the New England colonies?

A

Shipbuilding and fishing

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6
Q

What is the triangular trade?

A

A trade route

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7
Q

What was the name of the slave transporting leg of the Triangular Trade?

A

The middle passage

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8
Q

What is a cash crop?

A

Crops that can be sold in markets

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9
Q

What were the two main cash crops of the Middle Colonies?

A

Wheat and Oats

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10
Q

What was the main cash crop in Virginia and Maryland?

A

Tobacco

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11
Q

What was the main cash crop in Georgia and South Carolina?

A

Rice

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12
Q

What did rice and tobacco have in common (why slaves were used to harvest them)?

A

They were both very labor intensive

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13
Q

Where was the hub of the shipping trade in America?

A

New England

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14
Q

What is supply and demand?

A

Amount of crops (how much they were wanted) and the prices

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15
Q

What were the strict rules governing the behavior and punishment of slaves in the colonies?

A

Slave codes

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16
Q

How did England view the colonies economically?

A

They were a way to make money

17
Q

How do you make money on trade?

A

You must export more than you import (sell more than you buy)

18
Q

What was important about the Navigation Acts?

A

It ensured that England made money off of colonial trade by restricting trade

19
Q

What established a limited government in the 13th century and inspired the US Constitution?

A

Manga Carta

20
Q

Who was allowed to vote in the mid 1700’s in the colonies?

A

White men who owned property

21
Q

What was the religious revival that swept through the colonies?

A

The great awakening

22
Q

What was the Enlightenment?

A

A belief that knowledge,science,and reason could improve society

23
Q

What was the name of the book Benjamin Franklin wrote after being inspired by the Enlightenment?

A

Poor Richard’s Almanack

24
Q

Who was the newspaper publisher that was charged with a crime for accusing the governor of New York of being
corrupt?

A

John Peter Zenger

25
Q

The John Peter Zenger Trial dealt with what personal liberty?

A

Freedom of the press

26
Q

Where is the land area that the British and French fought over because of the fur trade?

A

The Ohio River Valley

27
Q

What was the most powerful group of Native Americans in the East?

A

Iroquois Confederacy

28
Q

Who was sent to tell the French to leave the Ohio River Valley and struck the first blow against the French?

A

George Washington

29
Q

What is a militia?

A

A group of citizens trained to fight in emergencies

30
Q

What did the Albany Plan of Union want to do?

A

Have one government over all 13 colonies

31
Q

What was the name of the political cartoon that encouraged the colonies to approve the Albany Plan of Union?

A

Join or die

32
Q

What was the name of the war between the French and British in Europe?

A

Seven years war/French and Indian war

33
Q

What is the name of the fort that the Cherokee burned down in modern day Tennessee?

A

Fort Loudoun

34
Q

What was the most important victory for the British in the F&I War?

A

Battle of Quebec

35
Q

What did the Treaty of Paris 1763 do?

A

Ends the French and Indian war and is the end of power in North America for the French

36
Q

Who was the Ottawa chief who believed the British were threatening their way of life?

A

Pontia

37
Q

What did the Proclamation of 1763 do?

A

Halted the expansion of the colonies

38
Q

Why were many colonists upset over the Proclamation of 1763?

A

They couldn’t get the land they paid for

39
Q

Which colonial region was known for its diverse population of German and Scotch-Irish citizens?

A

The middle colonies

8th History (14 decks)

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