chapter 4&5 basic unit vocabulary

Question 1

what is class I malocclusion?

Answer 1

the dental arches are generally aligned, but a few individual teeth are misaligned

Question 2

what is Class II Malocclusion?

Answer 2

the lower jaw is receded, and the upper jaw is protruded

overbite

Question 3

what is Class III malocclusion?

Answer 3

the lower jaw is protruded, and the upper jaw is receded. ( bulldog/underbite)

Question 4

what is ankyloglossia?

Answer 4

short lingual frenum.

Question 5

what is glossectomy?

Answer 5

the total or partial surgical removal of a diseased tongue ( cancerous tongue).

Question 6

what is pressure consonant?

Answer 6

closure of the velopharyngeal port is necessary to prevent unwanted nasal resonance on oral sounds, to maintain desirable oral resonance, and to build intraoral air pressure to produce certain consonant

Question 7

what is velopharyngeal inadequacy?

Answer 7

difficulty in closing the nasal port for the production of oral sounds, results in hypernasality on oral sounds and nasal emissions.

Question 8

childhood apraxia of speech

Answer 8

central nervous system damage when the peripheral neuromuscular mechanism is normal but the speech motor programming areas, including Broca’s area, and the supplemental motor area are damaged

Question 9

cerebral palsy

Answer 9

is a nonprogressive neuromotor disorder in children that in many cases causes communication problems including articulatory problems. typically congenital .

Question 10

developmental dysarthria

Answer 10

the speech disorders associated with cerebral palsy

Question 11

diadochokinetic rate

Answer 11

the rapid rate of alternating syllable repetition

Question 12

personalities?

Answer 12

children with misarticulations may be “too sensitive” (emotionally hurt more easily rather than those w/o articulation disorders)

Question 13

socioeconomic status?

Answer 13

socioeconomic status is not significantly associated with SSD

Question 14

birth order and the number of siblings

Answer 14

it is often stated that the first born and the only child in a family both have better articulation skills than the second born and those with siblings.
although this data is weak. we need better studies

Question 15

tongue thrust

Answer 15

refers to a certain manner of swallowing and tongue placement in the oral cavity during rest

Question 16

pidgin

Answer 16

a simplified and limited system of verbal communication that develops out of necessity when two communities with no common language are forced by circumstances to communicate with each other

Question 17

creole

Answer 17

more complex system of primary communication with its own phonological, semantic, syntactic, and pragmatic of communication

Question 18

ungliding

Answer 18

most AAE (African American English) speakers reduce some diphthongs into single vowels

Question 19

absence (omission) of consonants

Answer 19

a final nasal sound or an oral stop is more likely to be absent than other consonants