chapter 4-5

Question 1

pulsed wave ultrasound

Answer 1

Group : cycle make up 1 pulse

Question 2

2 component : pulsed ultrasound

Answer 2

1. transmits time ( talking / on time )
2. receive time ( listening to/ off time )

Question 3

pulsed repetition frequency

Answer 3

: pulses > U/S system transmit > body in 1 sec

Question 4

PRF determined by …. but ….. & how ?

Answer 4

sound source
can be changed by sonographer

Question 5

how can sonographers change PRF

Answer 5

by adjusting depth : view scan

Question 6

New pulse isn’t sent out until ..

Answer 6

last one has been received

Question 7

PRF / depth …. related

Answer 7

inversely
depth ⬆️,PRF ⬇️

Question 8

Units : PRF

Answer 8

hertz

Question 9

Pulse repetition pulse

Answer 9

time from start : 1 pulse > start : next pulse

• 1 pulse, 1 listening Time

Question 10

PRP / PRF …. relationship

Answer 10

Reciprocal

Question 11

PRP determined by …

Answer 11

sound source

Question 12

how can PRP be changed by sonographers

Answer 12

adjusting depth : view

Question 13

units : PRP

Answer 13

time ( ms)

Question 14

PRP / imaging depth …. related

Answer 14

directly
depth ⬆️,PRP⬆️

Question 15

pulse duration

Answer 15

actual time > start : pulse to end : that pulse
1 talk, transmit on time

Question 16

PD determined by

Answer 16

sound source

Question 17

can PD be adjusted

Answer 17

NO

Question 18

units : PD

Answer 18

time ( ms)

Question 19

PD / period …. related

Answer 19

directly proportional

Question 20

PD / frequency …. related

Answer 20

inversely proportional

Question 21

PRP ……. than PD

Answer 21

longer

Question 22

Spatial pulse length

Answer 22

distance > pulse occupies > start - end : pulse

Question 23

SPL determined by

Answer 23

both sound source / medium

Question 24

units : SPL

Answer 24

distance ( mm)

Question 25

can SPL be adjusted

Answer 25

NO

Question 26

duty factor

Answer 26

Fraction / % : time > system pulse

Question 27

DF determined by

Answer 27

sound source

Question 28

can DF be adjusted & how

Answer 28

YES
adjust depth

Question 29

DF / Imaging depth …. related

Answer 29

inversely
⬆️,⬇️

Question 30

shallow imaging

Answer 30

• less listening
• shorter PRP
• higher PRF
• higher DF

Question 31

deep imaging

Answer 31

-more listening
- longer PRP
- lower PRF
- lower DF

Question 32

continuous wave 2 transducer elements

Answer 32

1. Continuously sends
2. continuously receive

Question 33

intensities

Answer 33

beam power divide by it area

Question 34

Units : intensities

Answer 34

w/

Question 35

5 key words > related to intensities : pulsed wave

Answer 35

1. spatial distance / space
2. peak - max value
3. average - mean value
4. temporal time
5. pulsed transmit time only

Question 36

different measurement : intensities

Answer 36

1. SPTP - Spatial Peak/ Temporal peak
2. SATP - Spatial Average /Temporal peak
3. SPTA - Spatial Peak /Temporal average
4. SATA - Spatial Average/ Temporal average
5. SPPA - Spatial Peak /Pulse average
6. SAPA - Spatial Average/ pulse average

Question 37

SPTA …. bc

Answer 37

most relevant intensity w/ respect to tissue heating
peak measurement > larger than average measurements

Question 38

SPTP intensity

Answer 38

highest value

Question 39

SATA intensity

Answer 39

lower value

Question 40

Spatial peak intensity > …. than spatial average intensity

Answer 40

higher

Question 41

logarithms / log

Answer 41

: time that 10 is multiple by itself to create original #

Question 42

decibels

Answer 42

relationship b/w 2 #

Question 43

units : decibels

Answer 43

amplitude / attenuation

Question 44

when comparing 2 intensities, power, amplitude, what can be use to describe their relationship

Answer 44

decibels

Question 45

positive decibels

Answer 45

Represents : increase / strengthening : intensity

Question 46

negative decibels

Answer 46

Represents : decrease / weakening : intensity