CHAPTER 4+5 Flashcards
SPEED OF LIGHT FORMULA
C=3.00 x 10^8
C= λv
PLANCK’S EQUATION
h=6.626 x 10^-34
E= hv
where e is energy, v is frequency, h is the equation
CHARACTERISTICS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
strikes metal’s surface, electrons ejected causing electric current
A QUANTUM OF ELECTROMAGNETIC
is called a photon
PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT
emission of electrons when light hits a metal, if it has enough energy
GROUND VS EXCITED
GROUND - lowest energy state of an atom
EXCITED - higher potential energy state than ground
BOHR MODEL
electrons travel in perfect circles (orbits)
HEISENBURG UNCERTAINTY
impossible to determine position and velocity of electron/other particles
TEST ANSWER - does not tell you where electrons are
ORBITALS
shapes, can hold 2 electrons per line
AUFBAU
electrons occupy lowest energy level
PAULI
no 2 electrons in same atom have same quantum number
HUND
orbital’s energy occupied by one electron before given another
MENDELEEV
father of periodic table
MOSELEY
ARRANGED PERIODIC TABLE BY ATOMIC NUMBER
LANTHANIDES & ACTINIDES
14 elements, top row of f block
14 elements, bottom row of f block
PERIODIC LAW
physical and chemical properties follow pattern with atomic numbers
ELECTRONEGATIVITY
tendency for an atom to attract shared electrons
IONIZATION ENERGY
amount of energy required to remove electrons
ELECTRON AFFINITY
energy change from adding electrons to gaseous atoms
ATOMIC RADIUS
radius of nucleus distance to electron shells
BLOCKS
S - 0 //
P - 1 //
D - 2 | DROP 1 //
F - 3 | DROP 2
QUANTUM NUMBERS
element name : (energy level, quantum #, orbital diagram, 1/2 or -1/2)
B : (2,1-1,1/2)
Ar : (3,1,1-1/2)
HIGHEST IONIZATION, AFFINITY, NEGATIVITY
FLOURINE - NEGATIVITY AND AFFINITY
FRANCIUM - IONIZATION
NOBLE GASES
Group 18A or 8A elements, chemically unreactive
HYDROGEN
proton donor, own group
ALKALI METALS
Group 1A or 1 elements
ALKALINE METALS
Group 2A or 2 metals, most reactive METAL
HALOGENS
Group 7A elements, most reactive NONMENTALS
