Chapter 4 Flashcards
What is the defining characteristic of dyslexia?
difficulty in phonological processing
Dyslexia is a _________.
developmental language disorder
Dyslexia is present at _____ and continues through _____.
birth; adulthood
What are the deficits seen in those with dyslexia?
- storing, retrieving, and using phonological codes in memory
- phonological awareness and speech production
- learning to decode and spell printed words
Later deficits in ___ and ___ can be seen in those with dyslexia.
reading comprehension; written language
Children need ____, ____, and ______.
exposure to print; instruction in how print works; opportunities to practice
What is joint book reading?
when a parent reads to their child, and both are focusing on the pictures and words
Joint book reading accounts for ____ of variance in reading outcomes.
8%
Are children at a higher risk or lower risk with less exposure to print?
higher risk
What is used to rule out lack of instruction as a cause of reading disorders?
Response to intervention
_____ of instruction makes a difference in reading disorders.
intensity
____ identification is needed for reading.
letter
What is the Matthew Effect?
Children who have poor readers have fewer opportunities for practice, less desire to read, and if teachers have low expectations, do not feel motivated to succeed.
What chromosomes are impacted in those with dyslexia?
1, 6, and 15
Is there a genetic basis for reading disorders?
Yes
