Chapter 4

Question 1

Central Dogma

Answer 1

DNA blueprint –>(transcription) RNA –> (translation) Proteins

Question 2

Things to look out for when determining amino acids from RNA blueprint

Answer 2

Initiation codon is AUG (Met)

Know different definitions of genetic mutations (insertions, deletions, transpositions)

Question 3

Why is the phopshorylation of ADP–>ATP by glucose-6-phosphate thermodynamically unfavored?

Answer 3

The delta G value of ATP hydrolysis is farily negative, making ATP a high energy compound whereas G6P has a less negative delta G, making it lower energy than ATP. When you reverse the ATP hydrolysis reaction turning ADP into ATP, you need to couple it with another high energy reaction in order to make it energetically favorable and G^P is not high energy enough.

Question 4

Structure of ATP

Answer 4

Question 5

Structure of purine

Answer 5

Question 6

Pyrimidine structure

Answer 6

Question 7

Purines

Answer 7

Adenine Guanine

Question 8

Pyrimidine

Answer 8

Cytosine Thymine Uracil

Question 9

DNA Structure (know which 5-carbon sugar is used, ID phosphodiester linkage, ID base)

Answer 9

Question 10

RNA structure (ID 5-carbon sugar, phosphodiester linkage, base)

Answer 10