Chapter 4 Flashcards
Osmosis
The diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane.
Passive transport
The movement of particles across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell.
Active transport
A process of transporting particles that require the cell to use energy.
Endocytosis
The process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a Vesicle to bring the particle into the cell.
Exocytosis
The process in which a cell releases a particle enclosing the particle In a Vesicle that then moves to the cell surface and fuses with the cell membrane.
Photosynthesis
The process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water make food.
Cellular respiration
Uses oxygen to break down food.
Fermentation
The breakdown of food without the use of oxygen
Cell cycle
The cell cycle of a cell.
Chromosome
The DNA of a cell is organized into structures.
Homologous chromosomes
Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure.
Diffusion
The movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density.
Mitosis
The complicated process by which chromosomes condense and separate.
Cytokinesis
The division of the cytoplasm of a cell.
