Chapter 4 Flashcards
Differentiation
The process by which behaviors and physical structures become specialized
Failure to thrive (FTT)
A disorder of infancy and early childhood characterized by variable eating and inadequate gains in weight
Canalization
The tendency of growth rates to return to normal after undergoing environmentally induced change
Nerves
Bundles of axons from many neurons
Neurons
Cells in the nervous system that transmit message
Dendrites
Rootlike parts of neurons that receive impulses from other neurons
Axon
A long, thin part of a neutron that transmits impulses to other neurons through branching structures called axons terminals
Neurotransmitter
A chemical that transmits a neural impulses across a synapse from one neuron to another
Myelin sheath
A fatty, whitish substance that encases and insulates axons
Myelination
The coating of axons with myelin
Multiple sclerosis
A disorder in which hard fibrous tissue replaces myelin, impeding neural neural transmission
Medulla
An area of the lower, back of the brain involved in heartbeat and respiration
Cerebellum
The area of the lower, back part of the brain involved in coordination and balance
Cerebrum
The largest, rounded part of the brain, responsible for learning, thought, memory, and language.
Ulnar grasp
Grasping objects between the fingers of the palm
