Chapter 4 Flashcards
What is subsistence farming?
producing enough to meet the needs of the family
What was the main economic activity in all colonies?
Farming
What is commercial agriculture?
Commercial agriculture is when larger amounts of crops are produced to make a profit.
Why did New England farmers practice subsistence farming?
because of long winters and thin, rocky soil harsh winter
What were the two main industries of the New England colonies?
shipbuilding and fishing.
What is the triangular trade?
Trade route between three destinations
What were the main items traded in the Triangular Trade?
●Sugar and molasses from West Indies to NE
●Molasses is turned into rum from NE to West Africa and Europe
●Rum for slaves from West Africa to West Indies
What was the name of the slave transporting leg of the Triangular Trade?
the Middle Passage
Where was the hub of the shipping trade in America?
New England
What is a cash crop?
crops that could be sold in markets
What were the two main cash crops of the Middle Colonies?
Wheat and oats
Which colonial region was known for its diverse population of German and Scotch-Irish citizens?
The Middle Colonies
What was the main cash crop in Virginia and Maryland?
Tobacco
What was the main cash crop in Georgia and South Carolina?
Rice
What did rice and tobacco have in common (why slaves were used to harvest them)?
●Both of these crops were very labor intensive so slavery increased on these large farms
What is supply and demand?
How much of something there is and how many people want it
What is the region of the Southern colonies where the plantations resided?
The Tidewater area is the plains along the seacoast where large plantations reside.
What were the strict rules governing the behavior and punishment of slaves in the colonies?
Slave Codes
How did England view the colonies economically?
As a crash grab
How do you make money on trade?
You export more than import
What were the Navigation Acts?
Laws passed by England to restrict trade
What established a limited government in the 13th century and inspired the US Constitution?
The manga carta inspired the constitution
What was the religious revival that swept through the colonies?
The great awakening
What was the Enlightenment?
The belief that knowledge ,science,and reason could improve society
What was the name of the book Benjamin Franklin wrote after being inspired by the Enlightenment?
The poor Richard’s almanac
Who was the newspaper publisher that was charged with a crime for accusing the governor of New York of being corrupt?
John Peter Zenger
Where is the land area that the British and French fought over because of the fur trade?
The Ohio river valley
What was the most powerful group of Native Americans in the East?
Iroquois Confederacy
Who was sent to tell the French to leave the Ohio River Valley and struck the first blow against the French?
George Washington
What is a militia?
A group of citizens trained to fight in emergencies
What did the Albany Plan of Union want to do?
To help the colonies defend the colonist from the French
What was the name of the political cartoon that encouraged the colonies to approve the Albany Plan of Union?
Join or die
What was the name of the war between the French and British in Europe?
Seven years war
What is the name of the fort that the Cherokee burned down in modern day Tennessee?
Fort Loundoun
Who oversaw the colonial war effort in London and was the cause of the British turnaround?
William Pit
What was the most important victory for the British in the F&I War?
The battle of Quebec
What did the Treaty of Paris 1763 do?
End the French and Indian war
Who was the Ottawa chief who believed the British were threatening their way of life?
Pontiac
What did the Proclamation of 1763 do?
Halted western expansion
Who was allowed to vote on the colonies
Wight Men who owned land
