Chapter 4

Question 0

Daltons Model?

Answer 0

wooden spheres to represent atoms

Question 1

Dalton’s Atomic Theory?

Answer 1

Proposed that all matter is made up of individual particles called atoms, which cannot be divided.

Question 2

Thomson’s Model?

Answer 2

Thomson provided the first evidence that atoms are made of even smaller particles. “Plum Pudding Model”

Question 3

Rutherford’ s Model

Answer 3

Used the Gold foil experiment to conclude that all of an atom’s positive charge is located in the center called the nucleus.

Question 4

The subatomic particle with a positive charge?

Answer 4

Proton

Question 5

Three types of subatomic particles?

Answer 5

1. Protons (+) 2. Neutrons (n) 3. Electrons (-)

Question 6

Which subatomic particle has a negative charge?

Answer 6

Electron (-)

Question 7

Which subatomic particle has a no charge?

Answer 7

Neutron (n)

Question 8

What is the mass of an electron?

Answer 8

It is said to be nonexistent because it is so small (1/1836)

Question 9

What subatomic particles are located in the nucleus?

Answer 9

Protons and Neutrons

Question 10

What is the “atomic number”?

Answer 10

The number of protons in an atom.

#protons = # of electrons

Question 11

What is “Mass Number”?

Answer 11

The number of Protons & Neutrons in an atom

Question 12

How do you find the number of neutrons in an atom?

Answer 12

Number of neutrons = mass number - atomic number

Question 13

What is an “Isotope”?

Answer 13

Atoms from the same element that have a different number of neutrons. i.e. Oxygen-16 and Oxygen-17

Question 14

Bohr’s Model of the Atom?

Answer 14

Diagram of an atom that looks like the solar system with the electrons circling in “energy levels”

Question 15

How does an electron change energy levels

Answer 15

An electron can change energy levels by gaining or losing energy

Question 16

What is an “Electron Cloud”?

Answer 16

Is a model used to describe the locations and behaviors of the electrons around the nucleus.

Question 17

What is an “Orbital”?

Answer 17

The region of space around the nucleus where an electron is likely to be found.

Question 18

How do you figure out how many orbitals are in each energy level?
How many electrons

Answer 18

Multiply the energy level by itself to find orbitals; 2 to get maximum # electrons
energy level 1 (11) = 1 orbital (12) = 2 electrons
energy level 2 (22) = 4 orbitals (4*2) = 8 electrons

Question 19

What is an “electron configuration”?

Answer 19

The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom

Question 20

What is the most “stable electron configuration”?

Answer 20

When the electrons stay in the lowest energy levels

Question 21

One of the first people to state that matter is made up of atoms was

a. Democritus b. Aristotle c. Dalton d. Rutherford

Answer 21

c. Dalton

Question 22

Dalton’s model of an atom is best described as

a. a solar system b. a solid sphere c. a plum pudding d. an electron cloud

Answer 22

b. solid sphere

Question 23

Who provided the first evidence that atoms contain subatomic particles

a. Dalton b. Rutherford c. Thomson d. Bohr

Answer 23

c. Thomson

Question 24

Almost all of the mass of an atom is located in its a. protons b. electrons c. electron cloud d. nucleus

Answer 24

d. nucleus

Question 25

An electron is a particle with a. negative charge, found in the nucleus b. a positive charge, found in the nucleus c. no charge, found outside the nucleus d. a negative charge, found outside the nucleus

Answer 25

d. a negative charge, found outside the nucleus

Question 26

Which particle is the least massive? a. proton b. electron c. neutron d. nucleus

Answer 26

b. electron

Question 27

All atoms of an element have the same a. mass number b. number of isotopes c. atomic number d. number of neutrons

Answer 27

c. atomic number

Question 28

The atomic number of sulfur is 16. How many electrons are there in an atom of sulfur-34? a. 16 b. 34 c. 18 d. 50

Answer 28

a. 16

Question 29

Atoms emit energy as light when? a. electrons move to a higher energy level. b. electrons move to a lower energy level. c. protons move to a higher energy level. d. protons move to a lower energy level.

Answer 29

a. electrons move to a higher energy level.