Chapter 4 Flashcards
Non specific defenses against microbes
phagocytes
NK cells aka white cells
Proteins aka complement
Specific defenses
antibodies
t cells
b cells
Active immunity
T and B cells become primed to destroy antigens (vaccines)
Short term passive immunity
Antibodies that can be transfered artificially
Psychoneuroimmunology
Study of the relations between psychological, neurological, and immunological systems. Effects susceptibility to and ability to recover from disease.
Chronic stress may cause…
- increased risks for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases
- impaired immune system function capacity
Telomere
Protective casing at the end of a stand of DNA
Appraisal
Making decisions about an event
Primary Appraisal
three categories based on the significance on event has on our well-being
- positive (benign)
- irrelevant
- stressful
Secondary Appraisal
Evaluate the perceived ability to cope with a stressful event
Reappraisal
When changes require a new primary or secondary appraisal
Coping
Attempts to deal with a stressful event
Problem-focused coping
Tackle the problem head-on
Emotion-focused coping
dealing with one’s feelings about a stressful event
Acute Disease
Conditions that develop over a short period of time and cause a rapid change in health (cold, flu, food poisoning)
Chronic Disease
Conditions that last a long time and may cause functional impairment (cancer, diabetes)
Incontinence
The loss of control over the elimination of urine or feces
Absorption
The time needed for medications to enter the bloodstream may increase
Distribution
Once in the bloodstream the drug is distributed throughout the body
Metabolism
Slower metabolism of medications means drugs stay in the system longer and can lead to toxicity
Excretion
Medications are often not excreted as quickly, may lead to toxicity
