Chapter 4

Question 1

what is the strength of the forces between particles depend on?

Answer 1

the material- the structure of the substance and the type of bonds holding the particles together
the temperature
the pressure

Question 2

what are the state symbols?

Answer 2

solid - s
liquid - l
gas - g
aqueous ( dissolved in water ) - aq

Question 3

what is a nanometer in standard form?

Answer 3

1 x 10 to the -9

Question 4

what is a micrometer in standard form?

Answer 4

1 x 10 to the -6

Question 5

what is the diameter of a coarse particle?

Answer 5

between 2500 nm (2.5 x 10 to the -6) and 10000nm (1 x 10 to the -5)

Question 6

what are coarse particles commonly referred to as?

Answer 6

dust

Question 7

what is the diameter of a fine particle?

Answer 7

between 100nm (1x 10 to the -7) and 2500nm (2.5 x 10 to the -6)

Question 8

what is the diameter of a nanoparticle?

Answer 8

between 1 nm (1 x 10 to the -9) and 100nm (1 x 10 to the -7)

Question 9

nanoparticles have a very high ________________________?

Answer 9

surface area to volume ratio

Question 10

how do you find the surface are to volume ratio?

Answer 10

surface area / volume

Question 11

what is nanoscience?

Answer 11

the study of nanoparticles

Question 12

why do nanoparticles make good catalysts?

Answer 12

their high surface area to volume ratio means that more atoms of each particle are at the surface and so are able to interact with reactants compared to a catalyst made from bulk materials

Question 13

what are the uses of nanoparticles?

Answer 13

as catalysts for fuel cells
in nanomedicine
in electronics
in deodorants
in sun cream - give better coverage and therefore more UV protection
in cosmetics

Question 14

what are the disadvantages of nanoparticles?

Answer 14

they are still very new and they could cause physical and/or environmental damage