Chapter 2

Question 1

Originally how were elements classified?

Answer 1

atomic mass

Question 2

Who is credited with creating the periodic table?

Answer 2

Dmitri Mendeleev

Question 3

How did mendeleev overcome problems of early periodic tables?

Answer 3

arranged elements in order of atomic weight, switched elements if properties meant they needed to change, left gaps, made predictions

Question 4

what is the periodic table?

Answer 4

a table containing all the known elements.

Question 5

How is the modern periodic table laid out?

Answer 5

in order of increasing atomic mass

Question 6

What does the number of the period that an elements in tell you?

Answer 6

how many electron shells an atom has

Question 7

What does the group number of an element tell you?

Answer 7

How many electrons are in an atoms outer shell

Question 8

What are the vertical columns called?

Answer 8

groups

Question 9

What are the horizontal columns called?

Answer 9

periods

Question 10

what does the way an atom reacts depend on?

Answer 10

the number of electrons in their outer shell

Question 11

In group 1 what way does the reactivity trend go?

Answer 11

more vigorous as you go down

Question 12

In group 7 what way does the reactivity trend go?

Answer 12

less vigorous as you go down

Question 13

What are metals?

Answer 13

elements that can react to form positive ions (left hand side of PT)

Question 14

What are non-metals?

Answer 14

elements that don’t form positive ions when they react

Question 15

Why do atoms react?

Answer 15

to form full outer shells

Question 16

Physical properties of non-metals?

Answer 16

dull-looking, brittle, lower boiling and melting points, don’t conduct electricity, aren’t always solids at room temp., lower density than metals

Question 17

Physical properties of metals

Answer 17

Strong, malleable (can be hammered or bent into shape), great at conducting heat and electricity, have high boiling and melting points, solids at room temp.

Question 18

What is the name for group 1?

Answer 18

alkali metals

Question 19

What forms when alkali metals react with non-metals?

Answer 19

ionic compounds

Question 20

What is the general equation for alkali metals reacting with water?

Answer 20

alkali metal + water –> metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 21

What is the general equation for alkali metals with chlorine?

Answer 21

Alkali metal + chlorine –> metal chloride

Question 22

what do group 1 elements reacting with oxygen form?

Answer 22

metal oxides

Question 22

What are the group 7 elements called?

Answer 22

Halogens

Question 23

What do the halogens exist as?

Answer 23

diatomic molecules

Question 24

what colour is Fluorine?

Answer 24

yellow (gas)

Question 25

what colour is chlorine?

Answer 25

green (gas)

Question 26

what colour is bromine?

Answer 26

red-brown (liquid) or orange (vapour)

Question 27

what colour is iodine?

Answer 27

dark grey (solid) or purple (vapour)

Question 28

what are halogen ions called?

Answer 28

halide ions

Question 29

what is a displacement reaction?

Answer 29

where a more reactive halogen can displace a less reactive halogen.

Question 30

what is group 0/8 called?

Answer 30

Noble gasses

Question 31

Why are the noble gasses not very reactive?

Answer 31

they have a stable arrangement of electrons in their outer shell

Question 32

What are the elements in the middle of the periodic table known as?

Answer 32

transition elements