Chapter 4 Flashcards
Artifact
An artifact or result that appears to exist because of the way it is measured but in fact does not correspond to what actually occurred
Celeration
The change in rate of responding over time
Discrete trial
Any operant whose response rate is controlled by a given opportunity to emit the response
Count
A simple tally of the number of occurrences of a behavior
Duration
The total time that behavior occurs- measured by onset of a response to its end point
Event recording
Measurement procedure for obtaining a tally or count of the number of times a behavior occurs
Free operant
Any operant behavior that results in minimal displacement of the participant in time and space. Can be emitted at nearly any time (opposite of discrete trial)
Frequency
How often a behavior occurs
Interresponse time (IRT)
The elapsed time between two successive responses (a measure of temporal locus)
Latency
The elapsed time from the onset if a stimulus (a measure of temporal locus)
Magnitude
The force or intensity with which a response is emitted
Measurement
The process of applying quantitative labels to describe and differentiate objects and natural events
Measurement by permanent product
A method of measuring behavior after it has occurred by recording the effects that the behavior produced on the environment
Momentary time sampling
A measurement method in which the presence or absence of behaviors is recorded at precisely specified time intervals
Partial-interval recording
A time sampling method that divides time into brief intervals and it is recorded whether the target behavior occurred at any time during the interval
Percentage
A ratio of the number of responses of a certain type per total number of responses or opportunities
Planned activity check (PLACHECK)
A variation of momentary time sampling in which the observer records whether each person in a group is engaged in the target behavior at specific points in time
Rate
Ratio of responses per standard unit of time
Repeatability
A behavior can occur repeatedly through time (one of the three dimensional qualities of behavior)
Temporal extent
Refers to the fact that every instance of behavior occurs during some amount of time (one of the three dimensional qualities of behavior)
Temporal locus
Every instance if behavior occurs at a certain point in time with respect to other events (one of the three dimensional qualities of behavior) (often measured with latency or IRT)
Time sampling
A measurement of the presence or absence of behavior within specific time intervals
Topography
The physical form or shape of a behavior
Trials-to-criterion
A measure of the number of responses or practice opportunities needed for a person to achieve a pre-established level of accuracy or proficiency
Whole-interval recording
A time sampling method where the observer records whether or not the target behavior occurred throughout the entire interval
