Hierarchical star. Clustered star. Star-wired ring. Tree and branch. Mesh.

Chapter 4: Flashcards by edgar rodriguez

A __________ typically provides building connections between floors in multi-story buildings.

Backbone Distribution System

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A __________ is located in the (main) equipment room for cross-connection and interconnection of entrance cables, first level backbone cables, and equipment cables.

MC (CD) Main cross-connect (campus distributor)

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__________ is the connection point between a backbone cable that extends from the MC (CD [first level backbone]) and the backbone cable from the HC (FD [second level backbone]).

IC (BD) Intermediate cross-connect (building distributor)

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A __________ is group of connectors (e.g., patch panel, punch-down block) that allow equipment and backbone cabling to be cross-connected or interconnected with patch cords or jumpers to horizontal cabling.

HC (FD) Horizontal cross-connect (floor distributor)

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As protection against network downtime, many cabling system designers consider __________.

Redundancy

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Campus, wide area backbone cabling and infrastructure is also the network segment most affected by physical considerations (e.g., infrastructure availability, private easements, public R/W, physical barriers, security, and environmental restrictions). True or False?

True

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__________ routing provides the most protection. A redundant cable is placed in a second route with redundant network switching equipment that will activate immediately if the cable is damaged.

Physical diverse

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3 fundamental cabling topologies:

star, ring, and bus

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5 Hybrid topologies:

Hierarchical star.
Clustered star.
Star-wired ring.
Tree and branch.
Mesh.

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A _____ topology generally is deployed for OSP cabling.

Star

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__________ cabling is more costly than coupled active equipment devices. In many cases (e.g., data centers) both cable diverse routing and network equipment redundancy is a requirement.

Physically diverse

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This topology allow all buildings to be cabled directly from the MC (CD).

Star

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The direct links between the MC (CD) and IC (BD) are sometimes referred to as _______.

home runs

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Advantages of using a star topology in a campus backbone cabling ( Choose 5):
a. Low cost implementation
b. Provides centralized facilities administration
c. Widely used by industries
d. Allows testing and reconfiguration of the system’s topology and applications from the main cross-connect
e. Allows easy maintenance and security against unauthorized access.
f. Can be used as back-up for redundancy
g. Increased flexibility
h. Allows the easy addition of future campus backbones

b. Provides centralized facilities administration.
d. Allows testing and reconfiguration of the system’s topology and applications from the MC (CD).
e. Allows easy maintenance and security against unauthorized access.
g. Increased flexibility.
h. Allows the easy addition of future campus backbones.

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Disadvantages of using a star topology campus backbone cabling (choose 2):
a. Single points of failure.
b. Implementation and Maintenance issue.
c. Not flexible.
d. Prone to network shutdown
e. Increases cost.

a. Single points of failure.
e. Increases cost.

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A __________ typically provides Campus connections in multi-building environments.

Backbone Distribution System

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__________ topology refers to a tree-like structure where a trunk and branch relationship exists.

Hierarchical Star

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A __________ typically provides building connections between telecommunications spaces in the same floor.

Backbone Distribution System

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__________ is used in cases where minimum downtime for the infrastructure is a requirement.

Physical diversity

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If the distance from the switch to the last workstation exceeds the transmission limit, the ICT designer should consider using a star configuration. In this configuration, the first-level backbone either cross-connects or interconnects to the second-level backbone via active network equipment. True or False?

False (hierarchical star)

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A __________ topology design provides an interbuilding backbone that uses selected ICs (BDs) to serve a number of buildings rather than linking all the buildings directly to the MC (CD). The ICs (BDs) are then linked to the MC (CD).

two-level hierarchical star

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Consider using a clustered star when available pathways do not allow for all cables to be routed to an MC (CD) or when geographical or user grouping requirements make it desirable to physically segment the network. True or False?

False
(two-level hierarchical star)

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Bridged taps are not permitted as part of the building backbone cabling. True or False?

True

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__________ topology is designed to provide a Separate and independent primary path and a secondary path in case there is either an electronic failure at a node site or a service interruption related to the cable.

Ring Topology

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__________ topology is becoming the normal design architecture for OSP operations because they can support high-bandwidth transport applications.

Ring Topology

Ring topologies provide (Choose 3): a. Fault-tolerant redundant routing b. Low cost implementation c. Greater reliability and significantly less cabling service downtime d. Allows the easy addition of future campus backbones e. Flexible architecture.

a. Fault-tolerant redundant routing. c. Greater reliability and significantly less cabling service downtime. e. Flexible architecture.

Is a topology where the OSP cable is physically constructed in a star configuration, but the signaling will be routed in a ring logically.

Physical Star/ Logical Ring Topology

___________ is a topology where the buildings are served via a physical star topology. The node sites have the ability to be either a star or ring configuration. This topology allows a designer to provide for fault-tolerant redundant routing at the node locations. At the same time, the designer can reduce the design costs for the electronics and cable from the node sites to the buildings via a ring or star network topology.

Clustered Star Topology

A __________ topology is a linear configuration of cabling that has limited application.

Bus Topology

__________ topology typically refers to the configuration of cabling multiple links between node sites.

Mesh Topology

What are the are two types of mesh topologies?

fully connected and partially connected.

In a fully connected star topology, the nodes of the network are connected to each of the other nodes. True or False?

False (mesh topology)

The type of mesh topology which is generally too costly and complex for most networks, although this topology is used when there are a limited number of nodes and redundancy is important.

fully connected mesh topology

In fully connected Mesh Topology; to calculate the number of links required, the following formula can be used:

N = (X * (X-1))/2 N = number of links X = number of nodes

A type of mesh topology where some nodes are connected to more than one node.

partially connected mesh topology

PON means

Passive Optical Networks

How many user a point-to-multipoint, fiber to the premises network architecture, in which unpowered optical splitters are used to enable a single fiber to serve multiple premises

32-128

A __________ configuration reduces the amount of optical fiber and Central Office equipment required, compared with PTP architectures.

Passive Optical Networks (PON)

The aggregation device, called the 1. __________, supports a minimum of 2. __________ subscribers per port by means of a passive optical splitter. Thus, the EPON minimizes the number of fibers that need to be managed in the SP's or CO, transceivers, and rack space with a PTP topology.

1. Optical Line Terminal (OLT) 2. 16 subscribers

OLT means

OLT - Optical Line Terminal/Termination

ONU means

ONU - Optical Network Unit

EPON means

EPON - Ethernet Passive Optical Networks

the __________ deployment on a single strand of single mode optical fiber reduces the cost of optical fiber deployment in the link between the business or house and the distribution or access switch. True or False?

1OOOBASE-X

In a 1000BASE-X point-to-point (PTP) passive optical network (PON), the _____ is responsible for media conversion from the optical fiber to the balanced twisted-pair (or other media) in the home. a. Optical network unit b. Optical network terminal c. Optical line terminal d. Optical splitter

b. Optical network terminal p 4-18 Figure 4.13 shows the topology of a PTP network over optical fiber. Multiple devices in the home can be connected to a single Ethernet port from the home to the carrier. The ONT is responsible for media conversion from the optical fiber to the balanced twisted-pair network or other media in the home. Note, ONU is used for PTMP

ONT operational temperature ranges from a. - 4.4 °C to 65 °C b. - 4.4 °C to 75 °C c. - 4.4 °C to 85 °C d. - 4.0 °C to 85 °C e. - 4.0 °C to 75 °C f. - 4.0 °C to 65 °C

c.- 4.4 °C to 85 °C

A __________ topology is adequate if the route is secure (protected from breaks), redundancy is not required, and the system traffic is not of a significantly critical nature to require alternate routing.

Bus Topology

Multiple devices in the home can be connected to a single Ethernet port from the home to the carrier. The __________ is responsible for media conversion from optical fiber to the balanced twisted-pair network or other media in the home.

Optical Network Terminal

Fiber type that has a dispersion unshifted charactristic.

G.652

What is the wavelength Range for a G.652.B fiber type?

1300 to 1324 nm

Fiber type that supports 1 Gigabit Ethernet, 10 Gigabit Ethernet and SONET. Supports some higher bit rate applications, (e.g., STM-64, STM-256) depending on the system architecture

G.652.B

Fiber type that supports G.652.B and also allows transmissions in portions of the 1260 nm to 1625 nm wavelength range

G.652.D

Wavelength Range G.652.D

1300 to 1324 nm

Dispersion shifted fiber type

G.653

Fiber type that supports STM-64 and SDH systems with an unequal channel spacing in the 1550 nm wavelength region.

G.653.A

Wavelength Range G.653.A

1525 to 1575 nm

Fiber type that supports STM-256 applications, and allows STM-64 systems to lengths longer than 400 km.

G.653.B

Wavelength Range G.653.B

1460 nm to 1625 nm

Non-zero dispersion shifted fiber type. Primarily utilized in submarine and long-haul terrestrial applications.

G.655

Wavelength Range G.655.C

1530 to 1565nm

Wavelength Range G.655.D

1460 nm to 1625 nm

Wavelength Range G.655.E

1460 nm to 1625

Fiber type that support C and L-band compatible

G.655 .C

Fiber type that support CWDM at channels greater than 1471 nm.

G.655.D

Fiber type supports small channel spacings and G.655.C applications.

G.655.E

CWDM means

Coarse wavelength division multiplexing

DWDM means

Dense wavelength division multiplexing

SDH means

Synchronous digital hierarchy

STM means

Synchronous transport module

EFM means

Ethernet on the First Mile

MDUs means

Multi-Dwelling Units

EoDSL means

Ethernet over digital subscriber line

What is 10PASS-T description

10 Mb/s rate short reach up to 750m

2PASS-TL means

l2 Mb/s rate long reach up to 2.7km

IEEE Standard for Ethernet.

IEEE 802.3-2012

__________ are a class of buildings that include apartments, office buildings, multi-tenant units, and hotels or multiple hospitality units.

MDUs or Multi-Dwelling Units

__________are used to improve the transmission performance to reduce the insertion loss in the voice band range (approximately 300 to 3400 Hz). But it will increase the insertion loss of the transmission path outside the normal passband range.

Load coils

__________ Campus Backbone Designs has one level of connection between the MC (CD) and the IC (BD) of each building.

First Level Hierarchical Star

Advantages of using a first level hierarchical star for the campus backbone: a. Provides a single point of control for system administration. b. Allows testing and reconfiguration of the system's topology and applications from the MC (CD). c. Low cost design implementation d. Allows easy maintenance and security against unauthorized access. e. Provides increased flexibility. f. Allows the easy addition of future campus backbones. g. all of above

a. Provides a single point of control for system administration. b. Allows testing and reconfiguration of the system's topology and applications from the MC (CD). d. Allows easy maintenance and security against unauthorized access. e. Provides increased flexibility. f. Allows the easy addition of future campus backbones.

This design provides a campus backbone use selected ICs (BDs) to serve a number of buildings rather than linking all the buildings directly to the MC (CD).

Multiple Hierarchical Level

A backbone distribution system shall have no more than three levels of cross-connections. Connections between any two HCs (FDs) shall not pass through more than two cross connections. True or False?

Flase (A backbone distribution system shall have no more than two levels of cross-connections. Connections between any two HCs (FDs) shall not pass through more than three cross connections.)

To ensure that the backbone cabling can accommodate the voice and data transmission, the ICT distribution designer should consider the following (Choose 4): a. Route of the backbone cabling b. Length of the backbone segments c. Type of media used d. The customer's voice, data, and video networking equipment need e. The customer's premises physical overall area, including building layout & construction. f. Bandwidth requirement of the Equipment

b. Length of the backbone segments c. Type of media used d. The customer's voice, data, and video networking equipment need e. The customer's premises physical overall area, including building layout & construction.

in multi-story buildings the TRs should be what?

(Vertically align whenever possible)

The two primary topology options to design a building backbone between the building cross-connect:

* Star * Hierarchical star

A topology design wherein HCs (FDs) is connected directly to the MC (CD).

Star

A topology design where some or all of the HCs (FDs) are connected to an IC (BD), which in turn, is connected to the MC (CD).

Hierarchical star

The best design is the hierarchical star design between the MCs (CDs) building cross-connect and the HCs (FDs). However, in some extremely large buildings (e.g., high-rises), a star may be a consideration. True or False?

False (The best design is the star design between the MCs (CDs) building cross-connect and the HCs (FDs). However, in some extremely large buildings (e.g., high-rises), a hierarchical star may be a consideration)

Avoid direct connections (e.g., tie cabling) between HCs (FDs). True or False?

True

In a multi-level building with different users, the design for ultimate flexibility, manageability, and versatility of the cabling system; all backbone cables and links to ERs should be terminated at the ER. Each link can then be cross-connected to its MC (CD) on an as-needed basis by installing a patch cord, whether optical fiber or balanced twisted-pair. True or False?

False. (For ultimate flexibility, manageability, and versatility of the cabling system, all backbone cables and links to ERs should be terminated at the MC (CD). Each link can then be cross-connected to its ER on an as-needed basis by installing a patch cord, whether optical fiber or balanced twisted-pair).

The choice of transmission media may depend upon the application. The factors to be considered include the (Choose 4): a. Defend on equipment uplink to be used. b. Distance between building. c. Flexibility of the medium to support the services. d. Required useful life of backbone cabling. e. Site size and user population. f. Location of user and building type. g. User needs analysis and forecast.

c. Flexibility of the medium to support the services. d. Required useful life of backbone cabling. e. Site size and user population. g. User needs analysis and forecast.

Balanced twisted-pair and optical fiber backbone cabling: a. Must always be in separate sheaths b. May be combined under a single sheath c. Must be in a separate pathway

b. May be combined under a single sheath p 4-37 A building cabling system shall have only one MC (CD). Connection to the ER can then be provided by balanced twisted-pair or optical fiber, which is either in separate sheaths or combined under a single sheath (see Figure 4.25).

Whenever possible, determine the different service requirements first. It is often convenient to group similar services together in categories (e.g., voice systems, LAN, and other digital connections). Then, identify the individual media types and projected quantities required within each group. When requirements are uncertain, use ____________ to evaluate backbone cabling alternatives. The more uncertain the requirements, the more flexible the backbone cabling system must be.

worst-case estimates

It is a laser-optimized, high bandwidth 50um multimode fiber.

OM4

Recommended fiber type cable suitable for use with both analog and digital transmission.

Single-mode Optical Fiber Cable

Recommended balanced twisted- pair copper cable size.

24 AWG or up to 22 AWG round-solid copper conductors with a nominal characteristic impedance of 100 ohm.

The performance categories of Category 3/Class C a. 16 MHz b. 52 Mhz c. 100 MHz d. 25O MHz e. 275 Mhz

a. 16 MHz

The performance categories of Category 5e/Class D a. 16 MHz b. 52 Mhz c. 100 MHz d. 25O MHz e. 275 Mhz

c. 100 MHz

The performance categories of Category 6/Class E a. 16 MHz b. 52 Mhz c. 100 MHz d. 25O MHz e. 275 Mhz

d. 25O MHz

Category 3 is available in 2-pair up to 2,800-pair configurations. True or False?

False. (Category 3 is available in 4-pair up to 2,700-pair configurations).

category 5e is commonly available in 1. __________ and 2. __________ configurations. Category 6 is commonly available in 3. __________ configurations.

1. 4-pair 2. 25 pair 3. 4-pair

Voice systems backbone cable length should not be greater than _____ .

800 m (262S ft)

Total length between network equipment connections should not be greater than _____ .

100 m (328 ft)

Advantages of Optical Fiber Backbones for Campus Applications (choose-4): a. Applications supported over increased distances b. Low cost implementation c. High-speed data transmission rates d. Immunity to lightning induced surges e. Immunity to EMl and RFI f. Flexible to support the services. g. Can support bigger user size

a. Applications supported over increased distances c. High-speed data transmission rates d. Immunity to lightning induced surges e. Immunity to EMl and RFI

Advantages of Optical Fiber Backbones for Campus Applications (choose-4): a. Flexible to support the services. b. Immunity to EMl and RFI c. No crosstalk d. Can support bigger user size e. No bonding requirement f. Low cost implementation g. Less pathway space required

b. Immunity to EMl and RFI c. No crosstalk e. No bonding requirement g. Less pathway space required

As a general guideline in premises applications for backbone cabling, _____ is recommended to support multiple applications.

Fiber Optic Cable

Always follow the OEM electronic equipment specifications for optical fiber core size when designing an optical fiber telecommunications system. True or False?

True.

OEM means.

Original Equipment Manufacturer

Vertically aligned TRs are desirable because the architect can stack them with other mechanical spaces, and they make distribution of telecommunications cables more efficient because of shorter conduits, bonding, and cabling tuns. True or False?

True.

_____ is typically a raceway of circular cross-sectional area whose dimensions are based on the internal dimension, and it is used to contain insulated conductors.

Conduit

16 mm = _____ in

1/2 in

27 mm = _____ in

1 in

53 mm = _____ in

2 in

103 mm = _____ in

4 in

155 mm = _____ in

6 in

Three basic types of steel conduit in use are:

1. RMC - Rigid Metal Conduit 2. IMC - Intermediate Metal Conduit 3. EMT - Electrical Metallic Tubing

RMC means?

Rigid Metal Conduit

IMC means?

Intermediate Metal Conduit

EMT means?

Electrical Metallic Tubing

_____ is a threaded metal raceway of circular cross section with a coupling.

RMC

Threads on the uncoupled end are covered by industry color-coded for (choose 3) a. Identification of conduit type. b. Protect the threads. c. Keep the threads clean and sharp. d. Anti-corrosion paint e. Aid in trade size recognition f. Aid in thread spacing

b. Protect the threads. c. Keep the threads clean and sharp. e. Aid in trade size recognition

_____ is the heaviest-weight and thickest-wall steel conduit.

RMC

When _____ , it typically has a coating of zinc on both the inside and outside.

Galvanized

Galvanized RMC is non-combustible and can be used indoors, outdoors, underground, concealed, or exposed. True or False?

True

RMC is available in _____ through _____ metric designators.

16 through 155 (1/2 through 6 trade sizes).

RMC thread protectors are color coded based on trade sizes: Blue a. 16, 41, 63, and 91 metric designators (1/2, 1-1/2, 2-1/2, and 3-1/2 trade sizes) b. 27, 53, 78, 103, 129, and 155 metric designators (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 trade sizes) c. 21 and 35 metric designators (3/4 and 1-114 trade sizes)

b. 27, 53, 78, 103, 129, and 155 metric designators (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 trade sizes)

RMC thread protectors are color coded based on trade sizes: Black a. 27, 53, 78, 103, 129, and 155 metric designators (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 trade sizes) b. 16, 41, 63, and 91 metric designators (1/2, 1-1/2, 2-1/2, and 3-1/2 trade sizes) c. 21 and 35 metric designators (3/4 and 1-114 trade sizes)

b. 16, 41, 63, and 91 metric designators (1/2, 1-1/2, 2-1/2, and 3-1/2 trade sizes)

RMC thread protectors are color coded based on trade sizes: Red a. 27, 53, 78, 103, 129, and 155 metric designators (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 trade sizes) b. 16, 41, 63, and 91 metric designators (1/2, 1-1/2, 2-1/2, and 3-1/2 trade sizes) c. 21 and 35 metric designators (3/4 and 1-114 trade sizes)

c. 21 and 35 metric designators (3/4 and 1-114 trade sizes)

When a design specifies vertical conduits with which vehicles may accidentally come into contact or on vehicle parking structures, storage and maintenance garages, sides of buildings, utility poles, the ICT designer must specify that the section of conduit between the driving surface and the highest point of accidental contact be RMC. True or False?

False (Galvanized RMC)

When a design specifies RMC be buried underground, the designer should consider specifying that the RMC be factory Galvanized coated inside and outside, to prevent long term rust. True or False.

False (PVC coated )

__________ is similar to RMC in that it also is a threaded metal raceway of circular cross section with a coupling. Threads on the uncoupled end are covered by industry color-coded thread protectors, which protect the threads, keep them clean and sharp, and aid in trade size recognition.

IMC

RMC, however has a thinner wall thickness than IMC and weighs about one-third less than IMC. T or F?

False (IMC)

__________ has a zinc-based coating, and the inside has an approved organic corrosion-resistant coating.

IMC

IMC is available in _____ through _____ metric designators.

16 through 103 metric designators (1/2 through 4 trade sizes).

IMC thread protectors are color coded based on trade sizes: Orange a. 21 and 35 metric designators (3/4 and 1-114 trade sizes) b. 16, 41, 63, and 91 metric designators (1/2, 1-1/2, 2-1/2, and 3-1/2 trade sizes) c. 27, 53, 78, & 103 metric designators (1, 2, 3 & 4 trade sizes)

c. 27, 53, 78, & 103 metric designators (1, 2, 3 & 4 trade sizes)

IMC thread protectors are color coded based on trade sizes: Yellow a. 27, 53, 78, & 103 metric designators (1, 2, 3 & 4 trade sizes) b. 16, 41, 63, and 91 metric designators (1/2, 1-1/2, 2-1/2, and 3-1/2 trade sizes) c. 21 and 35 metric designators (3/4 and 1-114 trade sizes)

b. 16, 41, 63, and 91 metric designators (1/2, 1-1/2, 2-1/2, and 3-1/2 trade sizes)

IMC thread protectors are color coded based on trade sizes: Green a. 27, 53, 78, & 103 metric designators (1, 2, 3 & 4 trade sizes) b. 16, 41, 63, and 91 metric designators (1/2, 1-1/2, 2-1/2, and 3-1/2 trade sizes) c. 21 and 35 metric designators (3/4 and 1-114 trade sizes)

c. 21 and 35 metric designators (3/4 and 1-114 trade sizes)

__________ is a steel raceway of circular cross section, which is unthreaded.

EMT

EMT is available in _____ through _____ metric designators.

63 through 100 metric designators (2-1/2 through 4 trade sizes).

__________ is the lightest-weight metallic conduit manufactured.

EMT

__________ is made of thin-walled metal and provides basic physical protection and can be used in most exposed locations, except where severe physical damage or hazardous environments are a possibility or otherwise prohibited by the AHJ.

EMT

Sleeves or slots must not obstruct wall-terminating space (i.e., they should not be directly above or below the wall space that is to be used for termination fields). True or False?

True

Sleeves to extend a minimum of 1. __________ above the floor level and a maximum of 2. __________ above the floor level.

1. 25.4 mm (1 in) 2. 77 mm (3 in)

Sleeves should be located a minimum of _____ from the wall or between adjacent sleeves to provide room for bushings, but not so far from the wall that it would be a tripping hazard or create too great a cable span from the sleeve to the backboard/tray.

25.4 mm (1 in)

Use minimum _____ sleeves from floor to floor as a starting point to provide services.

four (4) 103 metric designator (4 trade size) sleeves

From the base of four sleeves, use one additional 103 metric designator ( 4 trade size) sleeve for each _____ of useable floor space served

3 716 m2 ( 40,000 ft2)

Slots are typically located flush against the wall within a space and should be designed at a depth of _____, giving preference to narrower depths wherever possible.

152 to 610 mm (6 to 24 in)

The location and configuration of the slot(s) shall be approved by a AHJ.

structural engineer

The size of the pathway using slots should be one slot sized at 0.04 m2 (60 in2) for up to 3,716 m2 (40,000 ft2) of usable floor space served by that backbone distribution system. The slot area should be increased by __________, with each 3,716 m2 (40,000 ff) increase in usable floor space served by that backbone.

0.008 m2 (12 in2)

__________ are used when available and where large quantities of cables are required on a floor that is distant from the main ER.

Open cable shafts

Do not locate backbone cable pathways in elevator shafts. True or False?

True

A __________ can be used as a vertical cable pathway within shafts or as part of the pathway between vertically aligned TRs.

cable tray

A __________ can be open or covered and provides a means for attaching vertical cable runs to the cable members.

cable tray

Consult with the Structural Engineer to determine suitable cable attachment methodologies and limitations when considering the use of a cable tray as part of a vertical cable pathway. True or False?

False (Consult with the cable tray manufacturer)

The ICT designer must check with the Cable manufacturer for sheath strength characteristics, the maximum vertical rise distance of the cable, and any specific installation guidelines. True or False?

True

The ICT designer must check with the Building's licensed structural engineer for information about: 1. Floor penetrations. 2. Open cable shaft use. 3. Building support beams and other structural elements where cable support, strands, and other supporting hardware can be adequately anchored. True or False?

True

__________require the ICT distribution designer to consider specific cable support requirements and methodologies, depending on the building characteristics and the types of existing and proposed vertical pathways available to the ICT distribution designer.

Vertical backbone cable pathways

The use of __________ should be considered where support of balanced twisted pair copper or fiber optic backbone cables is required within vertical pathways utilizing shafts in multi-story buildings.

Vertical support strand

__________ is an option when building height, cable weights, or lack of access to intermediate support locations prevent other cable support methods from being used.

Vertical support strand

With this method, the cable is fastened with clamps, ties, or other methods to a __________ suspended between the highest floor of the building and the basement.

Vertical support strand

Where large, heavy, balanced twisted-pair backbone cables are used (e.g., 1200-pair copper), clamp the cable to a __________ suspended between the highest floor of the building and the basement.

Vertical support strand

Insert cable ties 1. __________ apart with a minimum of 2. __________ per floor to secure backbone cable.

1. 1m (3.28 ft) 2. three ties

Other Methods for Securing Vertical Backbone Cable, except (Choose 4): a. Conduits b. Toggle bolts. c. Clamps that secure the cable to the plywood backboards in each TR d. J-hook e. Steel cable ties. f. Rivets g. Straps (steel or plastic). h. Masonry anchors. i. mesh wire supported by a sleeve or slot opening or an anchoring point attached to a building structural. j. mesh basket grip, which wraps around the whole cable.

a. Conduit d. J-hook f. Rivets i. mesh wire

Vertical cable weight must be safely secured and managed during installation to protect personnel from injury and prevent damage to the cable and other equipment in the vicinity of the installation. True or False?

True

Proper bonding and grounding (earthing) is an essential element of a building backbone distribution system. True or False?

True

OSP bonding and grounding (earthing) procedures is the same from inside bonding and grounding (earthing). True or False?

False (differ greatly)

ICT distribution designers must not only plan for current needs, but also for the evolution of future requirements. True or False?

True

In addition to present and future telecommunications requirements, an ICT distribution designer must address optical fiber redundancy, system administration, and maintenance. True or False?

True

The decision regarding the number of optical fibers to install depends largely on the (Choose what is applicable): a. End-user application(s), both present and future. b. Level of multiplexing. d. Use of routers, servers, and switches. e. Physical topology of the cabling system. f. Cabling system configuration. g. Ease of adding future strands. i. All of the above

i. All of the above

The three design factors to consider for indoor hardware are (Choose-3): a. Splicing hardware. b. Terminating hardware. c. Patch panels. d. Installation Method e. Location f. Cable Type

a. Splicing hardware. b. Terminating hardware. c. Patch panels.

Splicing hardware is determined by (Choose 3): a. Mounting requirements b. Splicing Equipment c. Cable Type d. Splicing Location e. Optical fiber count f. Splicing method

a. Mounting requirements e. Optical fiber count f. Splicing method

To specify terminating hardware, the four factors that must be known are the (Choose 4): a. Cable ID. b. Location. c. Cable type. d. Destination e. Termination method. f. Length g. Copper pair count or fiber strand count.

b. Location. c. Cable type. e. Termination method. g. Copper pair count or fiber strand count.

When designing an in-building backbone distribution system using slots, up to _____ of useable floor space can be served by one slot sized at 0.04 m2 (60 in2). a. 1858 m2 (20,000 ft2) b. 2788 m2 (30,000 ft2) c. 3716 m2 (40,000 ft2) d. 4647 m2 (50,000 ft2)

c. 3716 m2 (40,000 ft2) p 4-46 The size of the pathway using slots should be one slot sized at 0.04 m2 (60 in2) for up to 3716 m2 (40,000 ft2) of usable floor space served by that backbone distribution system. The slot area should be increased by 0.008 m2 (12 in2) with each 3716 m2 (40,000 ft2) increase in usable floor space served by that backbone.

The ICT distribution designer or installer should use patch panels at cross-connect locations, such as (Choose 3): a. HCs (FDs). b. ICs (BDs). c. MCs (CDs). d. Telecom Room e. Equipment Room f. All of the above

a. HCs (FDs). b. ICs (BDs). c. MCs (CDs).

OLT means?

Optical line terminal

ONU means?

Optical network unit

PON means?

Passive optical network

EFM means?

Ethernet in the First Mile

In EFM physical layer, what is the nominal location and km range of 100BASE-LX10?

ONU/OLT 10KM

In EFM physical layer, what is the Bandwidth Span and medium to be used for 100BASE-LX10?

100mbps, Duplex single mode

In EFM physical layer, what is the nominal location and km range of 100BASE-BX10-D?

OLT 10KM

In EFM physical layer, what is the Bandwidth Span and medium to be used for 100BASE-BX10-D?

100mbps, Simples single mode

In EFM physical layer, what is the nominal location and km range of 100BASE-BX10-U?

ONU 10KM

In EFM physical layer, what is the Bandwidth Span and medium to be used for 100BASE-BX10-U?

100mbps, Simples single mode

In EFM physical layer, what is the nominal location and km range of 1000BASE-LX10?

ONU/OLT 10KM

In EFM physical layer, what is the Bandwidth Span and medium to be used for 1000BASE-LX10?

100mbps, Duplex single mode

In EFM physical layer, what is the nominal location and km range of 1000BASE-BX10-D?

OLT 10KM

In EFM physical layer, what is the Bandwidth Span and medium to be used for 1000BASE-BX10-D?

1000mbps, Simples single mode

In EFM physical layer, what is the nominal location and km range of 1000base-BX10-U?

ONU 10KM

In EFM physical layer, what is the Bandwidth Span and medium to be used for 1000base-BX10-U?

1000mbps, Simples single mode

In EFM physical layer, what is the nominal location and km range of 1000BASE-PX10-D PON?

OLT 10KM

In EFM physical layer, what is the Bandwidth Span and medium to be used for 1000BASE-PX10-D PON?

1000mbps, Simples single mode

In EFM physical layer, what is the nominal location and km range of 1000BASE-PX10-U PON?

ONU 10KM

In EFM physical layer, what is the Bandwidth Span and medium to be used for 1000BASE-PX10-U PON?

1000mbps, Simples single mode

In EFM physical layer, what is the nominal location and km range of 1000BASE-PX20-D PON?

OLT 10KM

In EFM physical layer, what is the Bandwidth Span and medium to be used for 1000BASE-PX20-D PON?

1000mbps, Simples single mode

In EFM physical layer, what is the nominal location and km range of 1000BASE-BX20-U PON?

ONU 10KM

In EFM physical layer, what is the Bandwidth Span and medium to be used for 1000BASE-BX20-U PON?

1000mbps, Simples single mode

In EFM physical layer, what is the nominal location and km range of 10PASS-T

Network Terminal (NT)/Line Terminal (LT)

In EFM physical layer, what is the nominal location and km range of 2PASS-TL

Network Terminal (NT)/Line Terminal (LT)

ITU-T EFM installed singlemode optical fiber ___ which is dispersion unshifted fiber. a. G.652 b. G.653 c. G.655 d. G.656 e. G.657

a. G.652 p 4-20 Table 4.2 G.652.B 1300 to 1324 nm Supports 1 Gigabit Ethernet, 10 Gigabit Ethernet and SONET. Supports some higher bit rate applications, (e.g., STM-64, STM-256) depending on the system architecture.

ITU-T EFM installed singlemode optical fiber ___ which is dispersion Shifted fiber. a. G.652 b. G.653 c. G.655 d. G.656 e. G.657

b. G.653 p 4-20 Table 4.2 G.653.A 1525 to 1575 nm Supports STM-64 and SDH systems with an unequal channel spacing in the 1550 nm wavelength region.

ITU-T EFM installed singlemode optical fiber ___ which is Non-zero dispersion shifted fiber. a. G.652 b. G.653 c. G.655 d. G.656 e. G.657

c. G.655 p 4-20 Table 4.2 G.655.C 1530 to 1565 nm C and L-band compatible

ITU-T EFM installed singlemode optical fiber ___ which is wideband non-zero dispersion shifted fiber. a. G.652 b. G.653 c. G.655 d. G.656 e. G.657

d. G.656 p 4-21 Table 4.2

ITU-T EFM installed singlemode optical fiber ___ which is bending loss insensitive fiber. a. G.652 b. G.653 c. G.655 d. G.656 e. G.657

e. G.657 p 4-21 Table 4.2 Compatible with ITU-T G.657.A (and ITU-T G.652.D) fibers and systems within access networks. Suitable for transmission at 1310, 1550, and 1625 nm for restricted distances.

In Ethernet over digital subscriber line (EoDSL) networks, service is provided to subscribers in a _____ topology using balanced twisted-pair cable. a. PTP b. PTMP

a. PTP p 4-22 Ethernet over point-to-point (PTP) balanced twisted-pair cable is probably the best fit for established neighborhoods, business parks, and multi-dwelling units because it can re-sue the existing first mile of voice grade, balanced twisted-pair cable (see Figure 4.14). Termed EoDSL, rate names include 10PASS-T (10 Mb/s) for short reach up to ≈750 m (2461 ft) and 2PASS-TL (2 Mb/s) for long reach up to ≈2700 m (8858 ft).

Within a fully connected mesh topology there are a total of 10 nodes. How many links are required to complete the network? a. 25 b. 30 c. 45 d. 50

c. 45 p 4-16 N = number of links X = number of nodes N = (X * (X-1)) / 2 or (10 * 9) / 2, 90/2 = 45

Sleeves should be located a minimum of ___ from the wall or between adjacent sleeves to provide room for bushings, but not so far from the wall that it would be a tripping hazard or create too great a cable span from the sleeve to the backboard/tray. a. 100 mm (4 in) b. 75 mm (3 in) c. 50 mm (2 in) d. 25 mm (1 in)

d. 25 mm (1 in) p 4-43 Construct all: * Slots and sleeves to conform to appropriate codes and standards. * Slots with a minimum ≈25.4 mm (1 in) high curb. * Sleeves to extend a minimum of ≈25.4 mm (1 in) above the floor level and a maximum of ≈77 mm (3 in) above the floor level.

Cable trays can be used as vertical cable pathways for general backbone cable distribution between vertically aligned telecommunications rooms. a. True b. False

a. True p 4-46 A cable tray can be used as a vertical cable pathway within shafts or as part of the pathway between vertically aligned TRs. A cable tray can be open or covered and provides a means for attaching vertical cable runs to the cable tray members.

The recommended balanced twisted-pair cable for building backbones consists of round, solid copper conductors up to ____ AWG in diameter. a. 22 b. 23 c. 24 d. 26

a. 22 p 4-38 The recommended balanced twisted-pair cable for building backbone consists of 24 AWG or up to 22 AWG round, solid copper conductors with a nominal characteristic impedance of 100 ohm.

The recommended multimode optical fiber for a building backbones is OM3. a. True b. False

b. False p 4-38 OM4 or higher is recommended.

In a backbone star topology, connections between any two floor distributors shall not pass through more than _____ cross-connector(s). a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

c. 3 p 4-27 A backbone distribution system shall have no more than two levels of cross-connections. Connections between any two HCs (FDs) shall not pass through more than three cross-connections (see Figure 4.17).

In a hierarchical star building backbone for a high-rise building, the same telecommunications room could house connecting hardware to serve the function of the: a. MC (CD) and IC (BD) b. HC (FD) and MC (CD) c. IC (BD) and HC (FD)

c. IC (BD) and HC (FD) p 4-34 The same TR could house connecting hardware to serve the function of the IC (BD) and HC (FD).

The maximum balanced twisted-pair backbone length for voice systems should not exceed: a. 1200 m (3936 ft) b. 1000 m (3280 ft) c. 800 m (2625 ft) d. 500 m (1649 ft)

c. 800 m (2625 ft) p 4-39 In addition to the ≈800 m (2625 ft) backbone cable length for voice systems, total length between network equipment connections should not be greater than ≈100 m (328 ft).

In a typical hierarchical star campus backbone, the link from the MC (CD) to the IC (BD) is an: a. Interbuilding or intrabuilding link b. Interbuilding link c. Intrabuilding link

a. Interbuilding or intrabuilding link p 4-6 In typical applications, the link from the: * MC (CD) to IC (BD) may be an interbuilding or intrabuilding link. * IC (BD) to HC (FD) will typically be an intrabuilding link.

Category 5e multi-pair backbone balanced twisted-pair cable is commonly available in 4 pair and ____ pair configurations. a. 250 b. 100 c. 50 d. 25

d. 25 p 4-39 Category 5e is commonly available in 4 pair and 25 pair configurations

Category 3 is available in 4 pair through 2700 pair configurations. a. True b. False

b. True p 4-39 Category 3 is available in 4 pair through 2700 pair configurations

Singlemode fiber is suitable for use with both analog and digital transmission. a. True b. False

a. True p 4-38

Cables containing both ____ are often recommended for backbone use in order to satisfy present and future needs. a. Singlemode optical fibers and balanced twisted-pairs b. Balanced twisted-pairs and multimode optical fibers c. Multimode and single mode optical fibers

c. Multimode and single mode optical fibers p 4-40 Often, a backbone comprised of both multimode and single mode optical fiber is recommended to satisfy present and future needs in the backbone.

Campus and wide area backbone cabling and infrastructure is the network segment _____ affected by physical considerations. a. Most b. Least

a. Most p 4-3 Campus and wide area backbone cabling and infrastructure is also the network segment most affected by physical considerations (e.g., infrastructure availability, private easements, public R/W, physical barriers, security, and environmental restrictions).

The most common application for optical fiber backbone cabling is multiplexed transmission. a. True b. False

a. True p 4-50 The most common application for optical fiber backbone cabling is multiplexed transmission. In multiplexed transmission, multiplexing equipment in TRs and ERs combines signals from many end points for transmission over two strands of optical fiber.

In Ethernet over digital subscriber line (EoDSL) networks, 2 Mb/s service can be provided to subscribers over a maximum span of _____ using balanced twisted-pair cable. a. 2700 m (8858 ft) b. 1500 m (4920 ft) c. 1700 m (5576 ft) d. 2500 (8200 ft)

a. 2700 m (8858 ft) p 4-22 Termed EoDSL, rate names include 10PASS-T (10 Mb/s) for short reach up to ≈750 m (2461 ft) and 2PASS-TL (2 Mb/s) for long reach up to ≈2700 m (8858 ft). “Nike at Kohl’s”.

Ethernet in the first mile (EFM) _____ physical layer signaling operates over one or more pairs of voice grade balanced twisted-pair cable. a. 2BASE-TL b. 2PASS-T

a. 2BASE-TL p 4-54 Table 4.4 Also 10PASS-T

The loop distance range in an “ethernet in the first mile” (EFM) design is: a. 2 km (1.2 mi) b. 4.8 km (3 mi) c. 6.1 km (3.8 mi) d. 9.7 km (6 mi)

c. 6.1 km (3.8 mi) p 4-53 In reference to Figure 4.28, the loop distance range is up to ≈6.1 km (20,013 ft).

You have been asked to design a backbone cable connecting two large campus buildings. Your pathways will include using conduits, maintenance holes, and one section of 100 m (328 ft) of direct buried optical fiber cable. Your choice of fiber optic cable type recommendation is a: a. Distribution cable b. Loose tube cable c. Loose tube cable containing a water blocking compound d. Distribution cable with an armored coating

c. Loose tube cable containing a water blocking compound

Multimode optical fiber is generally used for campus or building applications due to the ability to use cost effective: a. Connectors b. Cable c. Installation methods d. Transceivers

d. Transceivers

The decision regarding the number of optical fibers to install (fiber strand count) in a backbone depends largely on all of the following EXCEPT: a. Level of multiplexing b. Intended end-user applications c. Physical topology of the cabling system d. Distance between telecommunications room (TR)

d. Distance between telecommunications room (TR)

When installing a heavy backbone cabling vertically, recommended methods of securing the cable include all of the following EXCEPT: a. Tie wraps b. Brackets c. Steel or plastic straps

a. Tie wraps

You are reviewing a building backbone design with a vertically aligned telecommunications room (TR). In the spec you note in a footnote with details that the slots at one end of the telecommunications room (TR) must be flush with the floor and the sleeves provide at the end of the telecommunications room (TR) must also be flush. In your meeting with the electrical engineering firm that has provided the spec, you make the comment that according to best practices, the MINIMUM that slots and sleeves must extend above the finished floor are: a. 25 mm (1 in) for slots and 51 mm (2 in) b. 25 mm (1 in) for slots and 25 mm (1 in) c. 51 mm (2 in) for slots and 25 mm (1 in) d. 51 mm (2 in) for slots and 51 mm (2 in)

b. 25 mm (1 in) for slots and 25 mm (1 in) p 5-81 Terminate conduits that protrude through the structural floor ≈25 mm (1 in) to ≈77 mm (3 in) above the surface.

Chapter 4: Flashcards

Backbone Distribution Systems