Chapter 4 Flashcards
acts perpendicular to the surface on which the object rest
normal force
all forces acting on inertial frame of reference are real forces, as opposed to fictitious forces that are observed due to an accelerating frame of reference
inertial frame of reference
all forces originating from outside of the system are considered external force
system
body remains at rest or if in motion remains in motion at a constant velocity unless acted on by a net external force
Newton’s first law of motion
can be expressed as a multiple of standard force
force
can be represented by vectors
force
causes a mass to accelerate
net external force
coordinate system that is not accelerating
inertial frame of reference
defined by boundaries of an object or collection of object’s being observed
system
defined mathematically as a=F/m
Newton’s second law of motion
defined mathematically as w=mg, where g is the magnitude and direction of the acceleration due to gravity
weight
Fnet on an object with mass is proportional to and in the same direction as the acceleration of the object, a, inversely proportional to the mass
Newton’s second law of motion
force acting on object originates outside of the object
external force
force past each objects that are touching: ex. include rough surfaces and air resistance
friction
force that surface applies to an object to support the weight of an object
normal force
force w due to gravity acting on an object of mass
weight
fundamental particle of nature by characteristic force field
carrier particle
Known as law of inertia
Newton’s first law of motion
measured in kilogram
mass
Newton’s first law of motion
Law of inertia
photons are ______ of electromagnetic force
carrier particle
pulling force that acts along a medium, esp. stretched flexible connector such as cable or rope
tension
push or pull on object with specific magnitude and direction
force
Quantity of matter in substance
mass
rate of object’s velocity change over time
acceleration
reaction force that pushes a body forward in response to a backward force; rockets, airplanes, and cars are pushed forward by a thrust reaction force
thrust
region which test particle will experience a force
force field
represented by dots, forces are represented by vectors extending outward from the dot
free-body diagram
study of how forces affect motion of object’s and systems
dynamics
tendency of object to remain at rest or remain in motion
inertia
vector sum of external forces acting on object
net external force
when a rope supports the weight of an object, the force on the object due to the rope is called a tension force
tension
whenever one body exerts a force on a second body, first body experiences a force that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force that the first body exerts
Newton’s third law of motion
situation which only force acting on an object is force due to gravity
free-fall
sketch showing all external forces acting on object
free-body diagram
