Chapter 4

Question 1

A disc of transparent glass generally bounded by two spherical surfaces capable of transforming an image.

Answer 1

Lens

Question 2

eye of the camera is also the heart of the camera.

Answer 2

Lens

Question 3

A piece of transparent material made of glass or plastic with 2 opposite symmetrical surfaces or at least one curved surface.

Answer 3

Lens

Question 4

A lens that is thicker at the middle than at the edge.

It gathers light rays and refracts them to meet in a certain point.

Answer 4

Convex lens (converging lens/ positive lens)

Question 5

It is thicker at the edges than at the center;

Light rays passing through a diverging lens are vent outward.

Answer 5

Concave Lens (diverging/negative lens)

Question 6

composed of 1 lens

Answer 6

Simple Lenses

Question 7

It consists of two or more simple lenses fitted together.

Answer 7

Compound lenses

Question 8

It is the largest opening of the diaphragm that the light can pass through.

It is important in taking pictures in dim light

Answer 8

Lens speed

Question 9

This refers to the size of the image produced by lens depend upon factors – camera – to – subject and focal length

Answer 9

Image size

Question 10

The distance between the lens (technically from its rear nodal point) and the focal plane when the lens is focused on infinity.

Answer 10

Focal length

Question 11

The size of the image formed by the lens.

Answer 11

Magnification

Question 12

The amount of the scene shown on a given size of film.

Answer 12

Angle of view

Question 13

A lens with a focal length equal to the diagonal measure of the image area.

Answer 13

Standard or normal lens

Question 14

It has a shorter focal length than the normal lens.

it covers a picture angle of 60 to 90 degrees. It enables photographing a widely extended scene from a close proximity or within a confined area.

Answer 14

Short – focal – lens or Wide Angle Lens

Question 15

A lens with extreme wide angle.

Answer 15

Fish eye lens

Question 16

Lens with longer focal length that constrict the field of view and decrease the depth of field while greatly magnifying the image.

Answer 16

Long or Telephoto Lens or Narrow Angle

Question 17

A special type of camera lens with variable focal length which can be adjusted continuously by the movement of the variable focus lens.

Answer 17

Zoom Lens

Question 18

Allows the photographer to get close to the subject without the need of special close – up attachment.

Answer 18

Macro Lens

Question 19

This refers to the use of a macro lens or a special lens attachment when taking this shot

Answer 19

Close – up Shots

Question 20

This refers to simple close – up attachment fitting between the lens and the SLR camera body.

Answer 20

Extension Ring

Question 21

This refers to lens that allows photography of objects that is very tall, without the problem of converging verticals; this occurs when the side of the subjects taper toward the top of the picture.

Answer 21

Shift of perspective control lens

Question 22

The failure of light rays to focus properly after they pass through a lens or reflect from a mirror.

Answer 22

Aberration

Question 23

The focusing at different points of light rays passing through different parts of spherical lens.

This aberration occurs because light hitting the outer parts of the lens is bent more sharply and comes to a focus sooner than that passing through the middle.

Answer 23

Spherical aberration

Question 24

The failure of different colored light rays to focus after passing through a lens.

The focusing of light of different colors at different points resulting in a blurred image.

Answer 24

Chromatic aberration

Question 25

The inability of the lens to bring horizontal and vertical lines in the subject to the same plane of focus in the image.

Answer 25

Astigmatism

Question 26

It occurs when light falling obliquely on the lens and passing through different circular zones is brought to a focus at different distances from the film plane.

Answer 26

Coma

Question 27

The plane of sharpest focus becomes curved, not flat.

It is caused by rays from the outer limits of the subject plane coming to focus nearer to the lens than the axial rays.

Answer 27

Curvature of field

Question 28

It causes the image of a straight line, at the edges of the field to bow in or out.

Answer 28

Distortion

Question 29

lens with larger maximum aperture (that is, a smaller f-number)

it delivers more light
intensity to the focal plane, allowing a faster shutter speed.

Answer 29

Fast lens

Question 30

A smaller maximum aperture (larger maximum f – number)

It delivers less light intensity and requires a slower shutter speed

Answer 30

slow lens

Question 31

This refers to good lenses that are capable of reproducing circles of confusion much smaller than 1/1000
of an inch.

Answer 31

Depth of Focus

Question 32

This refers to the lens that is focused on an object at infinity, the distance from the lens to the nearest
object in sharp focus.

Answer 32

Hyperfocal distance

Question 33

This refers to the distance from the optical center of the lens to the focal plane, when the lens is focused on
infinity.

Answer 33

Focal plane

Question 34

Refers to the distance so far away that rays are considered parallel when they reach the camera.

Answer 34

Infinity

Question 35

This refers to the point of convergence of the light rays.

Answer 35

Real focus

Question 36

This refers to the point where diverging rays would meet if their directions were reversed.

Answer 36

Virtual focus

Question 37

A result of double reflection from inner lens surfaces.

It exhibits self as a misty hazy or cloudy semi circular path of light.

Answer 37

Flare or optical flare

Question 38

Bright spot on the film caused by stray light from worn shiny parts of the lens such as the stops, shutter, lens mount or from inside the camera itself.

Answer 38

Mechanical flare

Question 39

Most corrected lenses is coated with a substance which will reduce one type of flare (optical) and which will also increase the optic’s ability to transmit light, thus reducing light to loss.

Answer 39

Light loss

Question 40

can be reduced or eliminated by using the proper lens, shade places on the front of the lens or shield.

Answer 40

Stray light