Chapter 4 Flashcards
What is humanism?
The idea that all humans are incredible
Two ideas that dominated ancient Greek culture
Beauty and humanism
Who was Dionysus?
God of wine, passion, fertility, sexual freedom and orgies
Who was Apollo?
God of reason, logic, order and clear thinking
Who was Aphrodite/Venus?
God of love and sensuality
Who formed the 12 Great labors?
Hercules
What god ran the Delphian oracle?
Apollo
Which goddes came out of her fathers head in full armor ready to defend Athens?
Athena
What god lead to the creation of theater?
Dionysus
What civilization strongly influenced early Greek art?
Egypt
What are the three Greek periods?
Archaic, golden age, and Hellenistic
What wars preceded the golden age?
Persian wars.
Who fought in the Persian wars?
Persia v. Greece.
Who won the Persian war?
The Greeks.
What wars ended the Golden Age?
Peloponnesian wars.
When were the peloponessian wars?
431-404 BC
Who was involved in the peloponessian wars?
Athens v. Sparta
Who won the peloponessian wars?
Sparta
When was the first Olympics?
776 BC
What was the system of gov first explored by the Greeks?
Democracy
What system of engineering did the Greeks use?
Post and lintel
What connects the pillar to the lintels?
Capitals
What are the different types of capitals?
Doric. Ionic. Corinthian.
What was the most commonly used capital during the first two Greek periods?
Doric
What capital did not become popular until the third period?
Corinthian
What is the triangular shape on top of a post and lintel?
The pediment
What is the most copied building in western architecture?
Parthenon
What was the purpose of the Parthenon?
It was a temple to the virgin Athena
Where is the Parthenon?
Athens
Who was the patron of the Parthenon?
Pericles
Who was the architect of the Parthenon?
Ictinus
Who sculpted the parthenons pediment?
Phidius
When was the Parthenon completed?
432 BC
Artistic conventions in the archaic period?
Korous were always nude
Kore were always dressed
Artistic conventions in the classical period?
Contrappasto - shifted one leg
Short hair
Serious
Defined structure
Artistic conventions in the Hellenistic period
Female becomes nude
Suffering, defeat, pain.
What group remains independent but defends others?
The Delian League
What is the Macedonian conquest?
When the Greeks were conquered by a foreign country
What period is a kouros in?
Archaic
Who sculpted the discus thrower?
Myron
Period for discus thrower
Classical
Who sculpted the spear bearer?
Polykleitos
Stance of spear bearer
Contrapposto
Period of spear bearer
Classical
What kind of capitals are on the Parthenon?
Doric
Period for dying Gaul
Hellenistic
Period for Laocoon
Hellenistic
Period for Nike
Hellenistic
Period for Venusde Milo
Hellenistic
What is Acropolis?
A high city in Athens
Who wrote Oedipus Rex?
Sophocles
What is aesthetics?
The study of beauty.
What is the Torah?
First five books in the bible
What is stated in the Republic?
Music has the ability to affect your emotions and your character
