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Chemistry (shubh) > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an acid

A

Chemical that releases H+ ions in an aqueous solution

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2
Q 
Formula of:
hydrochloric acid
Sulfuric acid
Nitric acid
Ethanoic acid
A

HCl
H2SO4
HNO3
CH3COOH

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3
Q

What is dissociation

A

Splitting of acid to form H+ and an anion

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4
Q

Difference between a strong and weak acid

A

Strong acid fully dissociates in aqueous solution

Weak acid only partially dissociate

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5
Q

What is the pH of acid affected by

A

Strength of acid (strong/weak) and its concentration

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6
Q

Difference between strong and weak acid dissociation in equation form

A

Strong is one direction

Weak acid is a reversible reaction so both direction

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7
Q

Which of these is a weak acid

Hydrochloric, nitric, sulfuric, ethanoic

A

Ethanoic acid is weak

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8
Q

What is a base

A

Substance that neutralises an acid to form a salt

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9
Q

What is an alkali

A

Release OH- when dissolved in water

It is soluble in water and acts as a base

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10
Q

3 alkalis you need to know

A

NaOH
NH3
KOH

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11
Q

Formula of common bases
Not alkali
(2)

A

Metal carbonate and metal oxide

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12
Q

Word equation of a neutralisation reaction

A

Acid + base —> salt + water

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13
Q

Why isn’t the pH of (end products) neutralisation reaction always 7 (neutral)

A

It depends on volume and concentrations of acids used

As the acid may be limiting or in excess

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14
Q

Products of carbonate and acid

A

Salt
Water
Carbon dioxide

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15
Q

What is a titration experiment used for

A

To analyse unknown solutions

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16
Q

How do you ensure titre values are accurate and not a result of random errors

A

Have concordant results that are similar within a given range and workout its mean titre

17
Q

How do you make a standard solution

A

Dissolve a compound of certain mass in water using a volumetric flask so you know its exact concentration

18
Q

What is an oxidation number

A

Total number of electrons gained or lost from an atom to form a chemical bond

19
Q

Oxidation number of Cl2

A

0

20
Q

Order of priority in oxidation numbers

A 
Grp 1 and 2 metals, F
H
O
Cl
Br
I
Everything else
21
Q

What is the sum of oxidation numbers in compound equal to

A

Total charge

22
Q 
Preferences of oxidation number of following elements
Grp 1
Grp 2
F
H
O
Halogens
A 
\+1
\+2
-1
\+1
-2
-1
23
Q

What is oxidation number usually written as in a compound

A

In roman numerals in brackets

24
Q

Which ones has higher priority in halogens for oxidation numbers
Cl or Br

A

Strength/priority decreases down the group so Cl

25
Q

Oil
Rig
Stands for

A

Oxidation is loss…
Reduction is gain…

…of electrons

26
Q

If oxidation number decreases

Is it reduction or oxidation

A

Reduction as it has gained electrons

27
Q

What is disproportionation

A

When same element is both oxidised and reduced in a chemical process

Chemistry (shubh) (9 decks)

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