Chapter 4

Question 1

Lens

Answer 1

A transparent eye structure that focusses the light rays falling on the retina

Question 2

Accommodation

Answer 2

When the curvature of the lens adjusts to alter visual focus

Question 3

Pupil

Answer 3

The opening in the center of the iris that helps regulate the amount of light passing into the rear chamber of the eye

Question 4

Retina

Answer 4

The neural tissue lining the back surface of the eye (sends visual info to brain)

Question 5

Optic disk

Answer 5

Hole in the retina where axons and fibers (this causes a spot blind)

Question 6

Cones

Answer 6

Daylight vision and color vision

Question 7

Fovea

Answer 7

A spot in the retina where only cones can be found

Question 8

Rods

Answer 8

Night vision and peripheral vision

Question 9

Optic chasm

Answer 9

The point at which the axons from the inside half of each eye crossover

Question 10

Trichromatic theory of color vision

Answer 10

The human eye has 3 types of receptors with differing sensitivities to different light waves lengths (red, green, blue)

Question 11

Trichromatic theory of color vision was created by

Answer 11

Thomas young, later modified by Herman helmholtz

Question 12

Opponent process-theory of color vision

Answer 12

Color perception depends on receptors that make antagonistic responses to 3 pairs of colors (red vs. Green / yellow vs.blue / black vs. white)

Question 13

Depth perception

Answer 13

Interpretation of visual cues that indicate how near or far something is

Question 14

Binocular depth cues

Answer 14

Clues about distance based on the differing views of both eyes

Question 15

Retinal disparity

Answer 15

Objects within 25 feet project images to slightly different locations

Question 16

Monocular depth cues

Answer 16

Clues about the distance based on the image in one eye or the other

Question 17

Pictorial depth cues

Answer 17

Cues about distance that can be given on a flat surface

Question 18

External ear

Answer 18

Pinna, eardrum

Question 19

Pinna

Answer 19

Sound collecting cone

Question 20

Middle ear

Answer 20

Ossicles

Question 21

Ossicles

Answer 21

Transmits infor inwards from eardrum

Question 22

Inner ear

Answer 22

Cochlea, basilar membrane

Question 23

Cochlea

Answer 23

Fluid-filled coiled tunnel that contains the receptors for hearing

Question 24

Basilar membrane

Answer 24

Runs the length of the spiraled cochlea /holds the auditory receptors called hair cells

Question 25

Place theory

Answer 25

Perception of pitch corresponds to the vibration of different portions along the basilar membrane (near cells respond independently)

Question 26

Place theory was created by

Answer 26

Herman helmholtz

Question 27

Frequency theory

Answer 27

Perception of pitch corresponds to the rate ( frequency) at which the entire basilar membrane vibrates (brain defects frequency by rate at which auditory nerve fibers fire)

Question 28

Frequency theory was created by

Answer 28

Rutherford

Question 29

The law of pragnanz

Answer 29

We tend to see things as “good” as possible (regular, orderly, simple or simplistic)

Question 30

Figure & ground

Answer 30

Image and back ground are 2 different images

Question 31

Continuity

Answer 31

Straight line or smooth curves tend to be seen as a unit

Question 32

Proximity

Answer 32

Things that are proximal are usually perceived as belonging together

Question 33

Similarity

Answer 33

Similar things are perceived as being related

Question 34

Closure

Answer 34

Incomplete figures tend to be perceived as complete

Question 35

Symmetry

Answer 35

The mind perceives objects as being symmetrical and forming around a center point

Question 36

Common fate

Answer 36

When objects more in the same direction we tend to see them as a unit