Chapter 4 Flashcards
Through the process of work flow design, managers analyze the tasks needed to produce a product or service.
True
Jobs that involve teamwork or broad responsibility tend to require a structure based on functions.
False
Job analysis can only be performed by certified external analysts of the U.S. Department of Labor.
False
The tasks, duties, and responsibilities (TDRs) of a job are non-observable actions.
False
All job descriptions within an organization should follow the same format.
True
A job specification looks at the qualities or requirements the person performing the job must possess, including knowledge, skills, and abilities to perform the job.
True
Incumbents are the best source of information for a job analysis.
False
he Occupational Information Network uses a common language that generalizes across jobs to describe the abilities, work styles, work activities, and work context required for 1,000 broadly defined occupations.
True
The Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ) is meant to be completed by job incumbents.
False
The Fleishman Job Analysis System asks subject-matter experts to evaluate a job in terms of the abilities required to perform the job.
True
Job design is the process of defining how work will be performed and what tasks will be required in a given job.
True
Applying industrial engineering to a job essentially increases its complexity
False
In the Job Characteristics Model, task significance defines the degree to which a job requires completing a “whole” piece of work from beginning to end.
False
Someone who thrives in a highly structured environment might not be motivated by autonomy and would be a better fit for jobs with more supervision.
True
Job extension refers to empowering workers by adding more decision-making authority to their jobs.
False
Marcus has opted for a different work schedule in which he works 40 hours over four days a week, instead of working eight hours a day for five days a week. Marcus’s schedule can be termed a compressed workweek.
True
The primary goal of ergonomics is to reduce the information-processing requirements of a job.
False
The role of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration in occupational settings ergonomics is restricted to setting guidelines and inspecting instances of violation.
False
One method to simplify a job’s mental demands is to limit the amount of memorization required for the job.
True
One way to simplify a job’s mental demands is to provide dim lighting and complex instructions.
False
Which process involves analyzing the tasks necessary for the production of a product or service? A) ergonomics B) work flow design C) utilization analysis D) industrial engineering E) break-even analysis
B
In the context of work flow design, which best describes a position?
A) the set of duties performed by a person
B) a set of related duties fulfilled by many employees
C) an aggregate of similar jobs
D) the set of skills and abilities that is required of a person in a job
E) the collection of tasks that constitute the complete organizational process
A
Jessica wants to set up a manufacturing unit, so she meets with Rachel, a human resource manager at her company. Rachel explains that in order to decide on the human resource needs for the unit, they should conduct a work flow analysis. She suggests they start by defining the outputs of the process. To do this, what should Jessica define?
A) the processes that will be involved in manufacturing
B) the number of people required for production
C) the type of products that will need to be manufactured
D) the special equipment, facilities, and systems needed for production
E) the data and information needed by the work unit
C
Which statement is true of work flow analysis?
A) Information cannot be considered to be an input because it is not tangible.
B) All outputs must be strictly measured in terms of quantity.
C) Outputs may be tangible or intangible products of the work processes.
D) Quality standards are not a key criterion in the process of work flow analysis.
E) Inputs and outputs are only the two stages required to represent a complete work flow cycle.
C
Samuel's Security Inc. specializes in providing round-the-clock building security services to multinational companies. Samuel's Security selects security guards, conducts background checks, provides them with uniforms and training, and schedules guards to patrol and monitor security at clients' facilities. In the work flow analysis for Samuel's, which term best describes the security services? A) outputs B) inputs C) resources D) jobs E) processes
A
Paul's Pizza, a pizza chain, is known for its quick service. To make a pizza, employees must prepare the dough and add the sauce and toppings. Cooking happens next, followed by packaging. In this scenario, the employees of Paul's Pizza are engaged in A) work processes. B) task identities. C) group dynamics. D) job analyses. E) ergonomic activities.
A
Toys-For-All is a toy manufacturing company. As the new production manager, Craig notices that the production unit has been underperforming. In an attempt to streamline the existing work flow, Craig brings in an HR specialist to help him conduct a work flow analysis. Craig describes to the specialist the quantity and quality of products to be produced. What will the HR specialist have Craig define next?
A) the raw materials required
B) the number of employees needed
C) the work processes used to generate the end product
D) an inventory of equipment, facilities, and systems
E) the data and information required by the production unit
C
Fizzy Inc. is a soft-drink manufacturing company. Anne, the production manager, works with a human resource consultant to design a new work flow for the production unit. Together they define the necessary inputs. These include raw materials, information, human resources, and A) skills. B) outputs. C) work processes. D) equipment. E) activity.
D
Killen Inc. is an interior design firm based in California. The firm has a team of interior designers working closely with manufacturers to create home décor products. In the context of a work flow analysis, the interior designers, manufacturers, and home décor products required to provide interior design services collectively constitute the A) outputs. B) jobs. C) work processes. D) operating procedures. E) inputs.
E
The structure of Hearting Hospital is strongly based on function. Which statement best describes staff positions at this hospital?
A) Positions require more cognitive ability than at other hospitals.
B) Most positions are structured around teamwork.
C) Employees have broad authority for decision making.
D) Employees work in teams to care for groups of patients.
E) Positions are highly specialized.
E
Caitlin’s Consulting is a business consulting firm based in Nevada. The departments in the organization are based on the functions carried out by employees, such as customer service, marketing, tech support, and business consulting. Which statement is most likely true of the organizational structure of Caitlin’s Consulting?
A) Management jobs are not affected by the organizational structure.
B) The jobs mostly involve teamwork or broad responsibilities.
C) The focus is primarily on products or customer groups within Caitlin’s Consulting.
D) The workers work alone at highly specialized jobs.
E) The workers have more authority and are involved in decision making.
D
David and Laura are planning an e-commerce company for business travelers. They want to be sure that all the employees have a wide scope of decision-making authority. Which kind of organizational structure is most appropriate for this kind of work?
A) divisions focused on customer groups
B) a highly centralized structure
C) highly specialized departments
D) employees grouped according to function
E) authority concentrated in a few people at the top
A
Tech Surge applies research into physics and biochemistry to create advanced surgical instruments and implants. Its research department attracts some of the most talented professionals in these disciplines, each with a passion for his or her specialty. Next year, the position of vice president of research will be vacant, so the executive team is working with the HR department to define selection criteria for a new vice president. Given the company’s structure, which quality will be important for the new vice president to possess?
A) experience in setting up divisions based on customer groups
B) experience in leading employees with broad responsibilities
C) skill in setting up structures and jobs
D) the ability to align researchers’ work with the company’s strategy
E) the ability to motivate employees to identify more heavily with their profession
D
A manager of a functional department would require skills in aligning employees’ efforts with the organization’s higher-level goals. Why is this a valid statement?
A) Employees in a functional department need to work in a team.
B) Broad responsibilities are assigned to employees working in a functional department.
C) Employees in functional departments tend to identify more with their own departments.
D) Employees expect their managers to empower them by allowing them to work in self-managing teams.
E) Employees in such departments tend to work in cross-functional teams.
C
Julia is a line manager at Maddox Inc. She is assigned the task of understanding and gathering detailed information about the requirements of carrying out a certain job. Information gathered by Julia will be used to provide essential knowledge for staffing, training, performance appraisal, and other HR activities. What most likely corresponds to the task undertaken by Julia? A) job analysis B) job definition C) job training D) job swapping E) job rotation
A
A list of the tasks, duties, and responsibilities that a job entails is called a A) job evaluation. B) job description. C) utilization analysis. D) conjoint analysis. E) job standardization.
B
Isabella has joined the HR department of PLT Inc. as an intern. The organization plans on giving all newly hired site engineers copies of their job descriptions to help them understand what the organization expects of them. Isabella has been given the task of conducting job analyses and creating job descriptions for the site engineers. What should Isabella consider while creating the job descriptions?
A) Job descriptions do not include the job title.
B) Job descriptions focus on the qualities or requirements a person performing a job must possess.
C) Job descriptions contain only a brief statement that represents the set of responsibilities.
D) Job descriptions contain detailed specifications of the tasks involved in carrying out each duty.
E) Job descriptions are lists of the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics that an individual must have to perform a job.
D
Combust Con Inc. specializes in manufacturing internal combustion engines. Recently, Combust Con has decided to create a division for the flexible fuel field. During this time, Ashton, the HR manager, has been reviewing and updating job descriptions. With the knowledge that a new division of jobs will be created, what would be the appropriate course of action for Ashton to take next?
A) Ashton should amend the original job descriptions to say they all will eventually take on flexible fuel responsibilities.
B) Ashton should take care to avoid including the titles of the jobs while formulating new job descriptions.
C) Ashton should wait until the new employees are hired before creating the new job descriptions.
D) Ashton should consider preparing new job descriptions since new jobs will be created in the organization.
E) Ashton should reuse the old job descriptions for the new jobs, instead of creating new ones.
D