Chapter 4

Question 1

Operating systems

Answer 1

Windows, android, linux, mac, ios, chrome, provides utility software

Question 2

Graphical User Interface

Answer 2

controls how you interact with menus, windows, and icons by touching, pointing, tapping and clicking

Question 3

Compatibility

Answer 3

Andriod and IOS are not compatible

Question 4

System software

Answer 4

the software that runs a computer, including the operating system and utilities.

Question 5

Operating system

Answer 5

program that manages the complete operation of your computer; platform

Question 6

Closed source operating system

Answer 6

Windows and macOS, programs that keep all or some of the code hidden

Question 7

Open source operating system

Answer 7

no restrictions from the copyright holder regarding modification and redistribution, Linux

Question 8

Operating system tasks:

Answer 8

starting and shutting down computer, managing programs and memory, coordinating tasks, configuring devices, establishing internet connection, monitoring performance, providing file management, updating operating system software, monitoring security, controlling network access

Question 9

Operating system uses

Answer 9

or directs internal components such as the processor, RAM, and storage space to manage and complete its task.

Question 10

RAM

Answer 10

the storage location that temporarily stores open apps and document data while the cpu is on. All programs, apps, and operating system need RAM.

Question 11

Virtual memory

Answer 11

capability of an operating system to temporarily store data on a storage medium until it can be swapped into RAM. The area of a hard drive used for virtual memory is a swap file.

Question 12

ROM (Read only memory)

Answer 12

memory chips that store permanent data and instructions, contains the ROM, stores BIOS, basic code for hardware.

Question 13

Flash memory

Answer 13

nonvolatile memory that can be erased and rewritten.

Question 14

Steps of boot process

Answer 14

1. Computer receives power from the power supply and sends it to the circuitry. 2. The processor begins to run the bootstrap program. 3. The bootstrap program executes a series of tests to check the components of the cpu. 4. Once the tests are done, the computer loads the operating system files into RAM, including kernel. 5. Computer or device loads the system configuration information, prompts the user verification if necessary, and loads all startup programs.

Question 15

CPU (central processing unit)

Answer 15

large chip writes instructions to RAM

Question 16

CPU startup

Answer 16

1. CPUnit fetches instructions from BIOS stored on ROM 2. BIOS starts monitor and keyboard, runs basic checks 3. BIOS starts boot sequence 4. Loads the operating system to RAM 4. BIOS delegates everything to the operating system.