Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Control Unit

A

manages the flow of instructions within the processor

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2
Q

Arithmetic logic unit

A

performs arithmetic operations

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3
Q

Machine cycle

A

Fetching, Decoding, Executing, and Storing; the control unit do the fetching and decoding, the ALU does the executing and storing.

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4
Q

Random Access Memory

A

Temporarily stores data needed by the operating system and apps you use; located in a chip on the motherboard. When you start an app on your computer, the app’s instructions are transferred from the hard drive to the RAM.

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5
Q

BIOS

A

Basic Input and Output System, the program your computer uses to start the computer’s system when it is powered on.

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6
Q

Read only memory

A

contains the BIOS, provides a means of communication between the operating system and hardware devices.

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7
Q

Firware

A

instructions on the ROM chip

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8
Q

Virtual memory

A

when computer swaps RAM’s contents to and from the hard drive

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9
Q

Swap file

A

The area of a hard drive temporarily used to store data that cannot fit in the RAM.

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10
Q

Uninterruptable power supply

A

short term batter backup that comes on automatically in case of power loss

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11
Q

Surge suppressor

A

device that prevents power fluctuations from damaging electronic components.

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12
Q

Video card

A

an expansion card that allows the computer to send graphical information to a video display device.

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13
Q

Looking for a computer

A

Look at cpu processor and RAM, video card, GPU, storage

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14
Q

F5

A

Helps reload a page

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15
Q

Types of pointers

A

Mouse, touchpad, stylus, trackball

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16
Q

Hard disk

A

platters spin on a spindle covered with a thin layer of metal that can be magnetized or demagnetized

17
Q

Solid State disk

A

stored on integrated circuits, no moving parts

18
Q

Flash

A

is a form of non-volatile high speed read and write media that holds digital data.

19
Q

Computer not starting

A

video card failure due to overheating

20
Q

Bit

21
Q

Byte

22
Q

A computer searches for memory:

A

first through cache then through RAM

23
Q

DRAM

A

dynamic RAM, memory needs to be constantly recharged or contents will be erased

24
Q

Static RAM

A

Memory can be recharged less frequently than DRAM, but can be more expensive than DRAM

25
MRAM
Memory uses magnetic charges to store contents and can retain its contents in the absence of power
26
Flash memory
can retain its contents in the absence of power, less expensive