Chapter 4 Flashcards
Define metabolism, exercise metabolism and substrates and list the 3 main substrates.
Metabolism is all chemical reaction that occur in the body to maintain itself. Exercise metabolism is metabolism under the stress of exercise, which is usually elevated. Substrates refers to a compound or molecule that is needed for a chemical reaction to occur. The three main substrates are protein, Carbohydrates and Fats.
List and discuss the 3 energy systems and list an activity for each system. Also list the time each system is present for. Which energy system is activated first regardless of the activity being performed?
The three energy systems are the ATP-PC system, the Glycolytic system, and the oxidative system. The ATP-PC system is activated first regardless of the activity being performed and typically lasts for 6-10 seconds. The Glycolytic system typically peaks around 30-50 seconds. The oxidative system slowly starts to generate and peaks from 3 minutes until the activity ends.
Memorize and define EPOC
EPOC refers to excess post-exercise oxygen consumption. This is a time of elevated metabolism and oxygen consumption immediately following exercise. Metabolism continues to be elevated in order to refill the ATP stores in the body.
List the 3 Oxidative or Aerobic systems
The three oxidative or aerobic systems for generating ATP include Aerobic Glycolysis: The Krebs Cycle and the electron transport chain.
Define respiratory quotient. At what RQ is fat used 100% as fuel? What about carbohydrates?
Respiratory Quotient refers to the ratio of oxygen and carbon dioxide exhaled. It is used to determine what substrate is being used as fuel. A respiratory quotient of .70 indicates 100% of the fuel being used is fat. A respiratory quotient of 1.00 indicates that carbohydrates are only being used as fuel.
