Chapter 3A Unit 2

Question 1

Cytoskeleton

Answer 1

Each eukaryotic cell has a cytoskeleton, which is a flexible network ofproteins that provide structural support for the cell.

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

The storehouse for most of the genetic information, or DNA, in cells

Question 3

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Answer 3

The endoplasmic reticulum or the ER, is an interconnected network of thin, folded membranes.

Question 4

Ribosome

Answer 4

Tiny organelles that link amino acids together to form proteins.
Ribosomes appear flattened and spherical in shape when viewed under an electron microscope.

Question 5

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 5

consists of closeley layered stacks of memebranes; delivers protiens

Question 6

Vesicles

Answer 6

general name used to describe small membrane sacs; transport material

Question 7

Mitochondria

Answer 7

supply energy to the cell. Mitochondria are bean shaped and have two membranes.

Question 8

Vacuole

Answer 8

fluid filled sac sued to store material needed for the cell; No basic shape or size

Question 9

Lysosome

Answer 9

Membrane-bound organelles that contain enzymes; defends from cell invaders; cleans cell

Question 10

Centriole

Answer 10

cylinder shaped organelles made of short microtubular; occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division

Question 11

Cell Wall

Answer 11

A rigid layer that gives protection, support, and
shape to the cell.

Question 12

Chloroplast

Answer 12

organelles that carry out photosynthesis, a series of complex chemical reactions that convert solar energy into energy rich molecules the cell can use.

Question 13

Centersome

Answer 13

Cylinder-shaped organelles made of short microtubules arranged in a circle; A centrosome is a cellular structure involved in the process of cell division

Question 14

Cytoplasm

Answer 14

Cytoplasm is the gelatinous liquid that fills the inside of a cell. It is composed of water, salts, and various organic molecules. Many chemical reactions occur in the cytoplasm.

Question 15

Proteins & Amino Acids

Answer 15

Proteins are made of 20 types of amino acids that have unique characteristics of size, polarity, and acidity

Question 16

Nucleolus

Answer 16

The nucleolus is a dense region where tiny organelles essential for making proteins are assembled.

Question 17

Lumen of Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 17

The interior of this maze is called the lumen. Numerous processes, including the production of proteins and lipids, occur both on the surface of the ER and inside the lumen.

Question 18

Rough ER vs. Smooth ER

Answer 18

Smooth and Rough ER is that smooth endoplasmic reticulum does not contain ribosomes so its surface is smooth and performs lipid synthesis function. While rough endoplasmic reticulum contains ribosomes which are small, round organelle, have a rough surface, and perform protein synthesis.