Chapter 3a

Question 1

Stress

Answer 1

Physio and psych experience occurs when individuals encounter something of significance demanding attention and effort to cope

Question 2

Stressor

Answer 2

Stim that prompts stress response

Question 3

Physiological v psychological stress components

Answer 3

Physio:
-biological
-Mostly consistent btw people experiencing stress response
-eg heart rate increase during horror movie
Psych: personal assessment of what constitutes stressful situation
- unique to all

Question 4

Is stress physiological or psychological

Answer 4

Both

Question 5

Internal

Answer 5

I:
- stim in body prompt stress response
- some are cognitive some affect (emotion)
- cognitive bio process makes one perceive stim as stressful
Eg.
Attitude: bad (decrease capacity to cope)
Rumination: repeated negative thinking (making things difficult to overcome)
Low self esteem: negative opinion on self
Ns dysfunction: dysfunction production of neurotransmitters

Question 6

External stressors

Answer 6

• stim from outside body prompts stress
• involves interactions not cognitive or affect
  -stim in environment demand attention and effort to overcome
  Eg
• test
  Meeting new ppl
  Argument
  Long work hrs
  Finance strruggles

Question 7

Internal and external stressors working togethor

Answer 7

Exam causing rumination

Question 8

What are the psychological stress responses

Answer 8

Distress: form of stress characterised by negative psychological state (usually when an undesired situation prompts negative outcome) worry induced
Eustress: form do stress characterised by positive psychological state (positive opportunities) happy emotion induced

Question 9

Two physiological stress responses

Answer 9

Fight flight freeze
Release of cortisol during chronic stress

Question 10

How does physiological stress responses work compared to psych

Answer 10

Physio: similar ways for dif ppl
Psych; dif ways for dif ppl

Question 11

Fight flight freeze response in acute stress

Answer 11

Acute stress: stress characterised by Physio and psych symptoms brief in duration
- activated under fight flight freeze response : an involuntary automatic response of sympathetic nervous system takes form of escape face it freeze
- it’s a common acute response for many organisms

Question 12

Fight flight freeze seperate descriptions

Answer 12

Flight: fleeing due to belief it’s safer
- sympathetic ns promos adrenaline release from adrenal glands allowing body to flee
Fight: confront stressor
Sympathetic response energises body releasing adrenaline from adrenal gland
Freeze: immobility and shock
- to orient self and process stressors:body believes it lacks time and energy
- sometimes safest choice, uses brief para activation due to blood pressure drop then sympathetic after a second

Question 13

Release of cortisol during chronic stress

Answer 13

Chronic stress: form of stress encountered for several month or longer
- require bio long term response to enegise body for months or weeks
Cortisol: hormone released in stres to aid body in maintaining heightened arousal (released by adrenals and involved in short and long term responses

Question 14

Cortisol 2 facts

Answer 14

1 in fff response cortisol is released to enegise body and induce glucose release increasing blood sugar levels
2 unlike adrenals or noradrenaline it helps maintain above levels of arousal after fff response is over. Also released over longer time period taking longer to secrete in body (allowing stress cope for longer rather than face threat)

Question 15

Adaptive functions of cortisol during stress

Answer 15

Increase blood pressure
Better metabolism
Increase energy
Reduce inflammation

Question 16

Cortisol negatives

Answer 16

High levels in blood stream for prolonged periods of time suppress immune system as resources used up to maintain high bodily arousal depleting bacteria fighting energy
Cortisol cna also depose

Question 17

Acute and chronic bio symptoms of cortisol

Answer 17

Time stressor demands attention determines bio response present

Acute: cortisol energises body inducing glucose release and high blood pressure
- confront flee or become immobile (fight flight freeze)
Chronic:
Endure cortisol release
High blood sugar levels
Improve metabolism
Energise body
Reduce inflammation
Immuno suppression