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chapter 39 Hygiene Flashcards

1
Q

Personal hygiene affects patients’ ___, ___, ___, and ___-___.

A

Comfort, safety, and well-being.

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2
Q

Hygiene care includes ___ and ___ activities that maintain personal body cleanliness and appearance.

A

cleaning; grooming

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3
Q

Healthy people fulfill their own personal hygiene needs; but when ill or physically or emotionally challenged, people often require

A

some degree of assistance with hygiene care.

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4
Q

When assisting a patient it is important to preserve as much of the client’s ___ as possible.

A

Independence

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5
Q

T/F Ensuring privacy and conveying respect for a client is a nursing goal concerning hygiene.

A

True

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6
Q

Define personal hygiene.

A

The self-care which involves bathing, toiling, general body hygiene and grooming. It is highly personal.

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7
Q

What are the 6 pastors that influence hygiene?

A
  • Social patterns
  • Personal preferences
  • Body image
  • Socioeconomic status
  • Heath Beliefs and motivation
  • Cultural variables
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8
Q

Ethnic, social, and family influences on hygiene patterns is a factor of what?

A

Social patterns

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9
Q

Personal preferences dictate ___ ___

A

hygiene practices

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10
Q

A person’s subjective concept of their body appearance is…

A

Body image

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11
Q

Socioeconomic status influences…

A

The type and extent of hygiene practices used.

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12
Q

What is the key in health beliefs and motivation.

A

Motivation is the key factor to hygiene.

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13
Q

Explain cultural variables

A

People from diverse cultures practice different hygiene rituals.

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14
Q

When caring for neonates it is important to carefully handling their skin because….

A

The epidermis and dermis is loosely bounded: (thin skin)

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15
Q

Friction can cause ___ in neonates.

A

Bruising

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16
Q

Breaks in skin can result in ___.

A

Infection.

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17
Q

Hormonal changes in adolescents affect the skin because…

A

sebaceous glands are more active. (Eccrine and apocrine become fully functional)

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18
Q

What can be done to combat the hormonal changes in adolescents?

A
  • More frequent bathing and shampooing
  • Use of deodorants
  • Acne prevention and treatment.
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19
Q

In older adults all functional activities of the skin decrease because…

A

thinner epithelium

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20
Q

Loss of collagen, less active glands, fragile skin, decrease inflammatory response, and slower epithelialization and wound healing are all associated with who?

A

older adults

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21
Q

Nursing implications concerning older adults are…

A
  • Decrease frequency of bathing
  • Avoid excessive use of soap
  • Moisturize skin after bath
  • Protect from injury from hot water/burns
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22
Q

Questions regarding skin care are…

A
  • What are your usual bathing times?
  • What products do you use?
  • How can I best perform your bath and usual care?
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23
Q

When conducting an assessment of skin hygiene concerning self-care abilities a nurse can ask questions such as…

A
  • Do you have problems managing your hygiene practices?

- How can we best help you?

24
Q

What are potential factors that can impair a clients ability to perform self hygiene?

A

-Physical or cognitive impairments
-Vision
-Muscle strength, dexterity, balance, coordination, flexibility.
-Pain/Presence of equipment
-Home situation: Helpers and Set-up
Willingness to accept help

25
Hygienic Care is often delegated to _ _ _ but the nurse ____ ____ for assessment and client care.
UAP (unlicensed assistant personal) | The nurse remains responsible.
26
You want to instruct the UAP to encourage the client to perform as much self-care as appropriate to foster ___ and ___- ___.
Independence and self-esteem
27
What are the 6 methods of bathing?
1. Complete bed bath 2. Partial bed bath 3. Sponge bath at sink 4. tub bath 5. Shower 6. Bag Bath/travel bath
28
What is a complete bed bath?
Bath in which the entire body of a patient is washed in bed.
29
What is a partial bed bath?
Bath in which body parts that might cause the patient discomfort if left unbathed (i.e., face, hands, axillary areas, back, and per ileum) are washed in bed.
30
Explain what a sponge bath at sink is.
Involves bathing from a bath basin or sink with patient sitting in a chair. Patient is able to perform part of the bath independently. Assistance is needed for hard-to-reach areas.
31
What is involved in a tub bath?
Involves immersion in a tub of water that allows more thorough washing and rinsing than a bed bath. Patient may still require the nurse's assistance.
32
The patient may ___ or ____ in a shower. the shower provides more thorough cleaning that a bed bath but can cause ___.
Sit or stand | Fatigue
33
A bag bath/travel bath contains several…
Soft, non woven cotton cloths that are remoistened in a solution of no-rinse surfactant cleanser and emollient.
34
The bag bath offers an alternative because of the …
Ease of use, reduced time bathing, and patient comfort.
35
What body part is washed first?
The face
36
The nurse begins the bath washing the ____ area and then working ____ toward the ___.
Cleanest Downward Feet
37
What type of strokes do you use when bathing a patient and why do you use this type of strokes?
Use long, firm strokes from wrist to shoulder, including the axillae area: Firm strokes from distal to proximal areas promote circulation by increasing venous blood return…unless contraindicated.
38
What do you assess during a bath?
You assess for signs of warmth, redness, welling, tenderness, and pain in the lower extremities.
39
It is important to provide ___, maintain ___, ____ warmth, ___ Independence, and ____ needs.
``` Privacy Safety Maintain Promote Anticipate ```
40
Early Morning care includes…
- Comfort measures and preparation for the day. - Assisting with elimination - Preparation for diagnostic tests or early surgery - Washing hands and face or bath (if scheduled). - Back rub - Care of hair and nails - Linen change - Straightening the unit - Client activity - Assisting with oral care. - Preparing client for breakfast.
41
Key components of AM care is…
…observation, assessment and meeting hygiene and grooming needs.
42
Afternoon care includes…
- Washing hands and face. - Assisting with oral care - Assisting with elimination - Straightening bed linen and repositioning if needed.
43
HS care includes…
- Comfort measures and prepare for sleep - Assist with elimination - Assist as needed with washing face and hands. - Offer HS snack - Assist as needed with oral hygiene - Straighten bed - Offer back rub - Straightening unit
44
Perineal care for females includes…
- Using the front to back method | - Clean from outer to inner
45
Perineal care for males includes…
-Cleaning from tip to base using circular motion, start at the urethral meatus first and move outward, shaft of penis with gentle but firm downward strokes
46
What happens if the client has an erection during care?
Defer procedure until later
47
What if the client is uncircumcised?
Retract foreskin to cleanse and then remember to return foreskin to prevent constriction.
48
T/F Monthly douching is recommended to control odor in the perineal area.
False Monthly douching is not recommended to control odor in the perineal area and may even be harmful since it tends to remove normal bacterial flora from the vagina.
49
How long does a back rub take?
3 minutes
50
Effleurage
Long gliding strokes for about 3 minutes
51
Back rubs promote…
- relaxation - Multiple psychological and physiological benefits - Builds trust/ communication
52
When will you Not give a back rub?
- When the client has any redden area on the skin because messaging can cause damage. - Touch phobia
53
The feet, hands, and nails require special attention to prevent ___.
infection
54
Any injury to the hand can impact a client's ___-___ ability.
Self-care
55
The normal nail is …
transparent, smooth, and convex.

Fundamentals (6 decks)

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