Chapter 39 - Functional neuroanatomy of language disorders

Question 1

Which brain hemisphere dominates language processing In most subjects? (almost all right-handers and a majority of lefthanders)

Answer 1

The left hemisphere. p. 811

Question 2

Explain the connections / associations of the temporal lobe of which Wernicke’s area is a part.

Answer 2

The temporal lobe association cortex, of which Wernicke’s area is a
part, integrates auditory, visual, and even somatosensory information. It
is closely interconnected with the temporal limbic cortex and the
amygdalohippocampal system that subserve both memory and emotional
functions. (p. 812)

Question 3

Explain the connections / associations of Broca’s area

Answer 3

Broca’s area is part of the precentral association cortex, which is located between the cortical motor strip and the prefrontal cortex. The
pre-central cortex is involved in movement preparation, but the exact function of Broca’s area is still under debate p. 812

Question 4

What is aphasia?

Answer 4

Aphasia is an inability to comprehend and formulate language because of damage to specific brain regions.

Question 5

What is the most common cause of aphasia?

Answer 5

The most common cause of aphasia is stroke in the area of supply of the
middle cerebral artery.

Question 6

What causes Nonfluent aphasia?

Answer 6

Nonfluent aphasia depends on the presence of frontal or putaminal
lesions.

Question 7

What causes Repetition disorder?

Answer 7

Repetition disorder depends on insular or external capsule lesions.

Question 8

What causes Comprehension disorder?

Answer 8

Comprehension disorder depends on posterior lesions of the temporal
gyri.

Question 9

What causes Verbal paraphasia

Answer 9

Verbal paraphasia depends on temporal or caudate lesions.

Question 10

So which areas are of greatest importance when discussing language disorders and functioning?

Answer 10

Broca’s- and Wernicke’s area.

Thats pretty much the entire chapter.