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Egans > Chapter 39 Egans > Flashcards

Chapter 39 Egans Flashcards

1
Q

Absolute Humidity

A

Amount of water in a given volume of gas

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2
Q

Relative Humidity

A

Amount of water vapor in a volume of gas

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3
Q

What is HME?

A

(Heat and moisture exchange)
Primary function of upper respiratory tract

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4
Q

What are the normal BTPS conditions?

A

37 degrees Celsius, 100&RH-

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5
Q

How far below the carina is the isothermic saturation boundary (ISB)

A

5cm

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6
Q

What is the temp, RH and AH at mouth?

A

Temp: 22 degrees Celsius
RH: 50% AH: 10mg/L

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7
Q

What are the temp, RH, and AH in the throat?

A

Temp: 30 degrees Celsius
RH: 95% AH: 30mg/L

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8
Q

What is the temp, RH, and AH, at ISB?

A

Temp: 37 degrees Celsius
RH: 100% AH: 43.9mg/L

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9
Q

What is the temp at inspiration?

A

28.5 degrees Celsius

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10
Q

What is the temp at expiration?

A

30.2 degrees Celsius

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11
Q

What factors affect a humidifier?

A

Temp, Surface Area, Time of contact, thermal mass

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12
Q

What are the 4 active humidifiers?

A

Bubble, pass-over, nebulizers, and bland aerosols, vaporizers

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13
Q

What is a passive humidifier?

A

Heat and moisture exchangers

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14
Q

What are the 3 pass over humidifiers?

A

Simple reservoir, wick type, membrane type

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15
Q

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

A

Design and performance standards for HME’s

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16
Q

What are the 5 types of heated elements?

A

1) hotplate element at base of humidifier
2) wraparound type that surrounds humidifier chambers
3) yoke (collar) element that sits between the water reservoir and gas outlet
4) immersion- type (place in water)
5) Heated wire in limb
6) thin-film high-surface area broiler

17
Q

What is the minimum level of humidity for intubated patients?

A

30mg/L

18
Q

3 common problems with humidification

A

Condensation, Cross-Contamination, ensuring proper conditioning of inspired gas

19
Q

What is bland aerosol?

A

liquid particles suspended in gas

20
Q

aerosol mask/ face tent

A

upper airways

21
Q

T-tube

A

orally/nasally intubated, or tracheostomy

22
Q

How to affect appropriate therapy?

A

1) gas flow
2) presence/ absence of artificial airway
3) character of pulmonary secretions
4) need for and expected duration of mechanical ventilation
5) contraindications to using an HME unit

23
Q

what is sputum induction?

A

High-density hypertonic saline aerosols applied to airway to help mobilize pulmonary secretions

24
Q

Primary goal of humidification

A

Maintain normal physiologic conditions in the lower airways

25
Q

What are the 3 HME’s

A

-Simple condenser humidifier
-Hydroscopic condenser humidifier
-Hydrophobic condenser humidifier

26
Q

What is normal minute ventilation?

A

5-7L/min

27
Q

When should a concha be used? (high flow)

A

over 15L/min

Egans (6 decks)

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