chapter 39, Antibiotics Part 2 Flashcards
Toxicity to the ears, often drug induced and manifesting as varying degrees of hearing loss that is more likely to be permanent.
Ototoxicity
A period of continued bacterial suppression that occurs after brie exposure to certain antibiotic drug classes, especially aminoglycosides and carbapenems
postantibiotic effect
Drug interacting in which the bacterial killing effect of two antibiotics given together is greater than the sum of the individual effects of the same drugs given alone
synergistic effect
Toxicity to the kidneys, often drug induced and manifesting as compromised renal function
Nephrotoxicity
antibacterial drug used to treat infections associated with VRE
Linezolid
An antibiotic drug that is indicated primary for UTIs caused by E. coli, S. aureus, Klebsiella spp, and Enterobacter spp.
Nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin, Furadantin)
what should the nurse warn a patient who is taking nitrofurantoin
That the urine may become dark yellow or brown during therapy.
Patient should report cough, fever, chest pain, difficulty breathing, numbness and tingling of extremities and alopecia.
Fungal infections are evidenced by..
fever
lethargy
perineal itching
anatomically related symptoms
what should the nurse teach a patient who is taking metronidazole
warn the patient that the urine may turn red-brown or a darker color.
caution patient to avoid alcohol and any alcohol containing products such as cough preparations and elixirs due to risk for a disulfiram-like reaction-severe vomiting.
patient should be educated about the purpose of the drug- as either an antibacterial or antifungal.
what should a patient taking linezolid avoid?
tyramine containing foods such as -
red wine
aged cheese
patient teaching for Clindamycin
Topical forms should not be used near the eyes or any abraded areas to avoid irritation. Should it happens accidentally, the eyes should be rinsed immediately with copious amount of cool tap water.
patient should not engage in sexual intercourse for the duration of therapy when vaginal dosage forms are used.
teaching for patient taking Quinolones
Exposure to the sun and tanning beds should be avoided.
Use sunglasses and sunscreen protection.
Report dizziness, restlessness, stomach distress, diarrhea, headache, inflammation of the tendons, confusion and irregular or rapid heartbeat.
drug interactions with oral anticoagulants (warfarin).
What should the nurse teach patients who are taking Aminoglycosides
Purpose and adverse effects; risk for hearing loss,which may occur even after therapy.
forcing fluids up to 3000 mL/day.
Any persistent headache, nausea or vertigo should be reported.
Watching for SxS of superinfection such as;
diarrhea
vaginal discharge
stomatitis
glottitis (black, hair tongue)
loose and foul smelling stools
cough
what assessment should the nurse perform for patients taking vancomycin.
other medications patient is taking.
V/S with close attention to BP during infusion
Bowel patterns because of risk for GI adverse effects.
Urinary patterns due to risk for nephrotoxicity.
baseline hearing status due to risk for ototoxicity.
monitoring trough drug levels.
skin color because of risk for red man syndrome.
fluid and medication interactions.
Assessment for patients taking nitrofurantoin
allergies history of asthma Renal and liver function glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (increase risk for hemolytic anemia). medication (neurotoxic) skin (color, turgor and intactness) risk for Stevens-Johnson Syndrome. respiratory patterns and breath sounds cough.
Assessment for quinupristin/dalfopristin
V/S
baseline liver and renal function
CBC
GI functioning with focus on bowel patterns, bowel sounds and abdominal pain- because of the potential for antibiotic-associated colitis.
