Chapter 37, Respiratory drugs Flashcards
Assessments for patient taking beta agonists.
allergies to fluorocarbon
taking of caffeine (chocolate, tea, coffee, candy, sodas).
use of OTC medications containing caffeine (appetite suppressants, pain relievers).
educational level and readiness to learn.
why is the intake of caffeine important to determine in patient taking beta agonists such as albuterol?
because of its sympathomimetic effects and possible potentiation of adverse effects such as tachycardia, hypertension, vascular headache and tremors.
what should the nurse include in the assessments of patient taking anticholinergic drugs?
history of GI disorders heart palpitations BPH hyperplasia glaucoma allergy to soy lecithin, peanut oils, peanuts, soybeans, other legumes. bronchospasms
Assessments for patients taking xanthine derivatives (eg. theophylline)
Cardiac and neurologic
GI reflux- assess for bowel and preexisting disease such as gastroesophageal reglux, ulcers.
results of renal and liver function test
urinary patterns (due to transient urinary frequency)
dietary questions about low-carbohydrate, high-protein, and charcoal-broiled meat.
OTC medications and caffeine containing foods.
what are SxS of xanthine toxicity
N/V, restlessness, insomnia, irritability and tremors.
what are glucocorticoids used for?
their antiinflammatory effects
what are the effects of beta agonists and xanthines
bronchodilating effects
what assessments should be made with patient taking corticosteroids( glucocorticoids)
V/s, breath sounds and heart sounds,
underlying adrenal disorders
age
what are the indications for beta-adrenergic agonists
relief of bronchospasm related to bronchial asthma, bronchitis and pulmonary disease.
hypotension
shock
what are some contraindications for the use of beta-adrenergic agonists.
drug allergy
uncontrolled cardiac dysrhythmias
high risk of stroke-because of the vasoconstrictive drug actions.
what are some of the adverse effects of beta-adrenergic agonits
insomnia restlessness anorexia cardiac stimulation hyperglycemia tremor vascular headache anginal pain
what are the two anticholinergic drugs used in the treatment of COPD?
ipratropium
tiotropium
MOA for anticholinergics
The block the ACh receptors on the surface of the bronchial tree to prevent bronchoconstriction causing airway dilation
what are anticholinergics used for?
prevention of bronchospasm associated with chronic bronchitis or emphysema.
what are some contraindications for the use of anticholinergics
allergy to atropine
soy lecithin
peanut soils
soybeans and other legumes (beans)
what are the most common adverse effects of anticholinergic drugs
dry mouth or throat nasal congestion heart palpitations GI distress urinary retention increased intraocular pressure headache coughing anxiety
what are xanthine derivatives used for?
to dilate the airways in patients with asthma adjunct bronchodilators for chronic bronchitis or emphysema. adjunct drug in the management of COPD prevention of asthmatic symptoms CNS stimulant to promote alertness cardiac stimulant
contraindications for xanthine derivatives
drug allergy uncontrolled cardiac dysrhythmias seizure disorders hyperthyroidism peptic ulcers
what are some common adverse effects of xanthine derivatives
N/V anorexia gastroesophageal reflux sinus tachycardia extrasystole palpitations ventricular dysrhythmias urination and hyperglycemia
what are LTRAs use for
the prophylaxis and long-term treatment of asthma
allergic rhinitis.
what are the contraindications of LTRAs
allergy to povidone
lactose
titanium dioxide
cellulose derivatives
list some of the adverse effects when using LTRAs
headaches dyspepsia nausea dizziness insomnia diarrhea nausea liver dysfunction
what are some drugs that interact with LTRAs
warfarin digoxin theophylline prednisone estrogen progestin
what are the indications for corticosteroids
primary treatment of bronchospastic disorders.
Treat acute exacerbations or severe asthma (systemic)
contraindications of corticosteroids
not intended as sole therapy for acute asthma attacks.
patients with hypersensitive to glucocorticoids .
patients who sputum tests positive for candida organisms.
patients with systemic fungal infections.
what are some systemic drug effects of corticosteroid
adrenocortical insufficiency increased susceptibility to infection F and E disturbances endocrine effects insomnia nervousness seizures brittle skin bone loss osteoporosis
a patient who is taking a xanthine derivative asks the nurse about drinking coffee with the medication. what would be the nurse’s best answer?
coffee, tea, chocolate, cocoa and cola beverages contain xanthine.
Consumption of these beverages increase or exacerbates the CNS which may have a severe impact and could be life threatening.
The caffeine containing products should be avoided while on xanthine.
A patient who is prescribed LTRA asks the nurse if this new medicine will help treat an asthma attack. What would be the nurse’s best answer?
They are used for prophylaxis in asthmatic attacks when taken on a long-term basis.
There are not used to treat acute attacks.
For best effect, patient should take the medication regularly, as ordered even if the symptoms improve and patient is feeling better.
it takes several weeks for full therapeutic effects to occur.
