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Dental > Chapter 38 > Flashcards

Chapter 38 Flashcards

1
Q

ALARA Concept

A

Concept of radiation protection that states that all exposures should be kept “as low as reasonably achievable.”

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2
Q

Anode

A

The positive electrode in an X-ray tube.

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3
Q

Atom

A

The basic unit of matter

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4
Q

exposure button

A

When the exposure button is pressed, a dental X-ray machine emits X-rays that pass through the patient’s body to create an image on a special plate.

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5
Q

Bremsstrahlung radiation

A

“Braking radiation”. The sudden deceleration of elections as they interact interact with highly positive charged nuclei.

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6
Q

Cathode

A

The negative electrode in the x-ray tube.

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7
Q

cathode

A

the negatively charged electrode by which electrons enter an electrical device

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8
Q

Central ray

A

X-rays at the center of the beam.

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9
Q

Control Panel

A

The portion of the x-ray unit that contains the master switch, the indicator light, selector buttons and exposure button.

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10
Q

Dental radiography

A

The process of recording images of the teeth & adjacent structures by exposure of x-radiation.

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11
Q

density

A

the degree of compactness of a substance.

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12
Q

Digital imaging

A

The fullness method of capturing an image and displaying it by using an image receptor, an electronic signal, & a computer to process and store the image.

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13
Q

Distortion

A

Change in the size of an image caused by incorrect vertical angulation.

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14
Q

Dose

A

The amount of energy absorbed by tissues.

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15
Q

Dosimeter

A

A device used to detect & measure and accumulated dosage of radiation.

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16
Q

Electron

A

A negatively charged particle in an atom.

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17
Q

Energy

A

The ability to do work.

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18
Q

Extension arm

A

Flexible arm that is attached to the x-ray tube head

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19
Q

Genetic effects

A

Effects of radiation that are passed on to future generations through genetic cells.

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20
Q

Image

A

Film-based or digitally produced recordings of anatomical structures.

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21
Q

Image receptor

A

A recording medium for an image, normally film. (PSP) phosphor storage plate -or a digital sensor.

22
Q

Ion

A

An electrically charged particle.

23
Q

Ionization

A

Radiation that produces ionization, resulting in harmful affects.

24
Q

ionizing

A

radiation that has enough energy to break an electron away from an atom

25
Q

Kilovoltage

A

Highest voltage if X-ray tube used during an exposure.

26
Q

Latent

A

Time between exposure to ionizing radiation and appearance of symptoms.

27
Q

Lead apron

A

Device used to protect the reproductive and blood-forming tissues from scatter radiation.

28
Q

Magnification

A

The proportional enlargement of an image.

29
Q

Matter

A

Anything that occupies space and has form or shape.

30
Q

Milliampere

A

One one-thousandth of an ampere; a unit of measurement used to describe the intensity of an electrical current.

31
Q

Penumbra

A

The blurred or indiativnt area that surrounds an image

32
Q

Photon

A

An minute (tiny) bundle of pure energy that has no weight or mass.

33
Q

Primary beam

A

The most penetrating beam produced at the target of the anode.

34
Q

Primary radiation

A

Same as primary beam

35
Q

Radiation

A

Forms of waves of energy emission through space or material.

36
Q

Radiation monitoring badge

A

A device that contains a film packet used to detect and measure radiation exposure of personnel.

37
Q

Radiograph

A

Image produced on photosensitive film my exposing the film radiation and then processing it.

38
Q

Radiology

A

The science or study of radiation as used in medicine

39
Q

Scatter radiation

A

A form of secondary radiation that occurs when an x-ray beam has been deflected from it’s path by interaction with matter

40
Q

Secondary radiation

A

X-radiation that is created when the primary beam interacts with matter.

41
Q

Sensor

A

A solid-state image receptor that contains a silicon chip with an electric circuit

42
Q

Sharpness

A

A measure of how well an image reproduces the fine details or outline of an object

43
Q

Thyroid collar

A

A flexible lead shield that’s placed securely around the neck

44
Q

Tube head

A

The part of the x-ray unit that contains the X-ray tube, the high-voltage and low-voltage transformers, and insulating oil.

45
Q

Tungsten target

A

A focal spot in the anode

46
Q

X-radiation

A

High energy ionizing electromagnetic radiation

47
Q

ampere

A

the SI base unit of electrical current

48
Q

contrast

A

the state of being strikingly different from something else in juxtaposition or close association

49
Q

quality (of x-ray beam)

A

refers to the overall energy or wavelength of the beam and its penetrating power.

50
Q

quantity (of x-ray beam)

A

Current determines the number of photons the X-ray tube produces, also known as X-ray quantity

51
Q

master switch, indicator light, selector buttons

A

Controls for the x ray

Dental (15 decks)

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