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Principles Of Respi Care I > Chapter 37 Medical Gases > Flashcards

Chapter 37 Medical Gases Flashcards

1
Q

How pure is oxygen made from fractional distillation? What else is left over?

A

99.5%
.5% nitrogen
And trace argon

NO WATER IS LEFT OVER

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2
Q

What are the steps in fractional distillation?

A
  • air is filtered to remove pollutants, water, and CO2
  • purified air is liquified by compression and cooled by RAPID EXPANSION
  • mixture is heated slowly in distillation tower
  • liquid is transferred to cryogenic storage
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3
Q

What are the 2 methods for physical separation of oxygen?

A
  • use of sieves composed of aluminum silicate pellets that bind to N2
  • pull it from ambient air through oxygen concentrators
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4
Q

What is the percent concentration of oxygen from using sieves during physical separation?

A

90%

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5
Q

What is the percent concentration of oxygen from using oxygen concentrator during physical separation?

A

40%

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6
Q

How is medical air usually produced?

A

By filtering and compressing atmospheric air

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7
Q

What must medical air be free of before use?

A

It must be free of oil, particulate contamination, and DRY.

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8
Q

What is the most common method used for drying medical air?

A

Cooling, which produces condensation to separate water.

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9
Q

What is the most common use of CO2?

A

To calibrate blood gas analyzers

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10
Q

How do we use helium?

A

Helium at 100% is not used

  • it’s mixed with oxygen to produce heliox.
  • it’s used to manage airway obstruction.
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11
Q

What is nitric oxide(NO) used for?

A

Near term infants with hypoxic respiratory failure when mechanical vent is failing.

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12
Q

What is nitrous oxide (N2O) used for?

A

Anesthesia

CNS depressant

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13
Q

What is the common way for hospitals to produce oxygen?

A

Fractional distillation

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14
Q

What is the color for oxygen?

A

Green

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15
Q

What is the color for CO2?

A

Gray

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16
Q

What is the color for N20?

A

Blue

17
Q

What is the color for helium?

A

Brown

18
Q

What is the color for N?

A

Black

19
Q

What is the color for air?

A

Yellow

20
Q

What are the markings on the side of a gas cylinder?

A
  • DOT
  • cylinder class (3A or 3AA)
  • the normal filling pressure
  • EE for elastic expansion
  • results of testing the tank
21
Q

How often are safety tests conducted on tanks?

A

Every 5 to 10 years

22
Q

What does a + sign mean on a tank?

A

DOT approval for filling of 10% over service pressure. 2015 psi to 2200 psi

23
Q

What are placed on hospital floors equipped with gas piping systems in case of an emergency?

A

Zone valves

24
Q

What are the 3 basic indexed safety systems for medical gas?

A
  • ASSS
  • PISS
  • DISS
25
Q

What tanks is ASSS used for?

A

H/K or large tanks

26
Q

What tanks is PISS used for?

A

Smaller tanks like E

27
Q

Where would you find DISS outlets?

A
  • pressure reducing valves
  • at station outlets
  • flowmeters and equipment
28
Q

What are 3 basic designs of safety relief valves?

A
  • frangible disk
  • fusible plug
  • spring loaded valve
29
Q

How does a frangible disk work?

A

The disk ruptures at a specific pressure

30
Q

How does a fusible plug work?

A

The plug melts at a specific temp

31
Q

How does a spring loaded valve work?

A

The valve opens at a set high temp

32
Q

How do you know how much oxygen is left in a liquid oxygen tank?

A

By its weight, not pressure

33
Q

How do you calculate how much oxygen is left in the liquid oxygen tank?

A 
1L is 2.5 lbs and 860L of oxygen
So,
Weight X 860
-----------------  = amount of gas (L)
     2.5lbs/L

Then you can calculate duration with prescribed flow

34
Q

What makes thorpe tubes not recommended for patient transport?

A

They are gravity dependent because readings are dependent on the floating steel ball inside

35
Q

What is a reducing valve?

A

Device used to fix pressure to desired working pressure.

It can be either set (like 50psi) or adjustable

36
Q

What is the difference between a single stage and a multistage regulator?

A
  • A single stage breaks down pressure from tank directly to 50 psi
  • multistage regulator uses multiple chambers to get to working pressure, allowing for more precise pressure outputs

Principles Of Respi Care I (5 decks)

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