Chapter 36 Fire Detection, Protection and Suppression Systems

Question 1

False Alarms

Answer 1

caused by malfunctions in system or placement, all alarms should be treated as true emergencies until proven otherwise.

Question 2

Fire alarm components

Answer 2

1. alarm initiation device
2. alarm notification device
3. fire alarm control panel

Question 3

Alarm initiation device

Answer 3

either an automatic or manually operated device that when activated causes the system to indicate an alarm.

Question 4

Alarm notification device

Answer 4

generally an audible device, often accompanied by a visual device, alerts the building occupants when the system is activated.

Question 5

Fire alarm control panel

Answer 5

serves ast the brain of the system linking the activation devices to the notification devices

Question 6

Remote annunciator

Answer 6

enable s fire fighters to ascertain the type and location of the activated alarm device as they enter the building.

Question 7

Fire alarms are powered by?

Answer 7

110 volt line or lithium 10 year lithium battery

Question 8

single station smoke alarm

Answer 8

most common type of residential

1. safety detection device
2. an automatic control unit
3. audible alarm within a single unit

Question 9

Ionization

Answer 9

detectors are triggered by the invisible products of combustion. Electrically charged microscopic particles.

Question 10

Photoelectric

Answer 10

use a light beam and a photocell to detect larger visible particles of smoke. smoke prevents it from striking the photocell

Question 11

Manual pull-station

Answer 11

such a station has a switch that either opens or closes an electrical circuit to activate the alarm.

Question 12

Single-action pull stations

Answer 12

require a person to pull down a lever toggle or handle to activate the alarm. sounds as soon as the pull station is activated.

Question 13

Double action pull stations

Answer 13

require a person to perform wot steps before the alarm will activate. Designed to eliminate false alarms

Question 14

Tamper alarm

Answer 14

clear plastic covering sounds its own alarm when opened.

Question 15

Smoke detector

Answer 15

designed to sense the presence of smoke.

commonly found is schools, hospitals business and commercial occupancies

Question 16

Beam detector

Answer 16

a type of photoelectric smoke used protect large open areas

Question 17

Obscuration rate

Answer 17

or percentage of light blocked

Question 18

Heat Detectors

Answer 18

also commonly used automatic alarm initiation devices. provide property protection but cannot provide life-safety protection because they do not react quickly enough to incipient fires.

Question 19

Spot Detectors

Answer 19

individual units that can be spaced throughout an occupancy, so that each detector covers a specific floor area. Light commercial residential settings

Question 20

Fixed Temperature heat detectors

Answer 20

the name implies are designed to operate at a preset temperature
1. usually 135 degrees include metal

Question 21

Rate-of-Rise Heat Detector

Answer 21

will activate if the temperature of the surrounding and rises more than a set amount in a given period of time. “greater than 12 degree in 1 minute”

Question 22

Bimetallic strip

Answer 22

made of two metals that respond differently to heat: raid causes the strip to bend unevenly which opens and closes switch. also air chamber/diaphragm mechanism. increase in heat increase in pressure activates

Question 23

Line Detectors

Answer 23

use wire or tubing strung along the ceiling of large opens areas to detect increase in heat

Question 24

Flame Detectors

Answer 24

specialized devices rare and expensive. they detect electric magnetic light waves produced by flames (air craft carriers)

Question 25

Gas Detectors

Answer 25

calibrated to detect the presence of a specific gas that is created by combustion or that is used in the facility. Commercial or industrial applications

Question 26

Air Sampling detectors

Answer 26

continuously capture air samples and measure the concentrations of specific gases or product of combustion.

Question 27

Automatic sprinkler systems

Answer 27

usually connected to the fire alarm system, will activate the alarm if a water flow occurs.

Question 28

Malicious False Alarms

Answer 28

when individuals deliberately activate a fire alarm when there is no fire and causes a disturbance.

Question 29

Unwanted alarms

Answer 29

occurs when an alarm system is activated by a condition that is not really an emergency.

Question 30

Nuisance Alarms

Answer 30

caused by improper functioning of an alarm system or one of its components

Question 31

Cross-zoned system

Answer 31

activation of a single smoke detector will not sound the fire alarm

Question 32

Verification system

Answer 32

there is a delay of 30 to 60 second between activation and notification. (pre alarm before full alarm)

Question 33

temporal 3 pattern tone

Answer 33

produced by audio device usually with a visual aid for the hearing impaired and blind.

Question 34

Categories of alarm annunciation systems

Answer 34

noncoded alarm, zoned noncoded alarm, zoned coded alarm, master-coded alarm

Question 35

noncoded alarm

Answer 35

no info is given on what the device was activated or where it is located.

Question 36

zoned non coded alarm

Answer 36

control panel indicates the zone in the building that was the source of the alarm. it may also indicate the specific device that was activated.

Question 37

zoned coded alarm

Answer 37

indicates over the audible warning device which zone has been activated. usually used in hospitals where it is not feasible to evacuate the entire facility.

Question 38

Master-coded alarm

Answer 38

system is zoned and coded. audible warning devices are also used for other emergency related functions.

Question 39

local alarm system

Answer 39

does not notify fire dept. occupants must call FD

Question 40

remote station system

Answer 40

sends signal to fire department.

Question 41

auxiliary systems

Answer 41

be used in jurisdictions with a public fire alarm box system.

Question 42

Fire gong

Answer 42

activated by moving water

Question 43

Proprietary system

Answer 43

building fire alarms are connected directly to a monitoring site that is owned and operated by the building owner. central control panel

Question 44

central station

Answer 44

third party (ADT) off site monitoring facility that monitors multiple alarm systems.

Question 45

Basic components of an automatic sprinkler system

Answer 45

sprinkler heads, piping, control valve, and water supply

Question 46

Automatic sprinkler heads components (3)

Answer 46

1. 1/2 inch orifice 2. deflector 3. release mechanism

Question 47

Fusible-link sprinkler heads

Answer 47

use metal alloys that melt at certain temps

Question 48

Frangible bulb sprinkler heads

Answer 48

a glass bulb filled with glycerin or alcohol to hold the cap in place

Question 49

Chemical pellet sprinkler heads

Answer 49

use a plunger mechanism and a small chemical pellet to hold the cap in place.

Question 50

Early suppression fast response sprinklers

Answer 50

have improved heat collectors that speed up the response and ensure rapid release of water.

Question 51

Deluge heads

Answer 51

easily identifiable, they no cap or release mechanism. temp is usually 165 for sprinkler systems.

Question 52

Mounting positions for sprinklers

Answer 52

1. Pendant sprinkler heads- designed to be mounted on the underside of the sprinkler piping hanging down. 2. Upright sprinkler heads- designed to be mounted on tope of the supply piping 3. Side wall- horizontal mounting projecting out from a wall.

Question 53

Valves

Answer 53

1. OS&Y | 2. PIV

Question 54

OS&Y

Answer 54

has a stem that moves in and out as the valve is opened or closed. mostly inside Found outside in warmer climates

Question 55

PIV

Answer 55

reads OPEN or CLOSED (SHUT) found outside

Question 56

Tamper switches

Answer 56

these devices monitor the position of the valve. sends signal to fire alarm control panel

Question 57

water sources

Answer 57

1. municipal | 2. FD supported

Question 58

FDC (fire department connections)

Answer 58

two or more 2 1/2 inch female couplings allows FD to connect and provide water.

Question 59

Types of automatic sprinkler systems

Answer 59

1. wet sprinkler systems 2. dry sprinkler systems 3. preaction sprinkler systems 4. deluge sprinkler systems

Question 60

Wet sprinkler systems

Answer 60

most common and least expensive type. always filled with water. cant be used in below freezing and can cause leaks

Question 61

Dry sprinkler systems

Answer 61

pipes are filled with pressurized air instead of water.

Question 62

Accelerator

Answer 62

installed at the dry pipe valve when pressure drops it is activated

Question 63

Pre action sprinkler system

Answer 63

a secondary device such as a smoke detector or a manual pull alarm must be activated before water is released into the sprinkler piping.

Question 64

deluge sprinkler system

Answer 64

is a type of dry sprinkler system in which water flows from all of the sprinkler heads as soon as the system is activated.

Question 65

Shutting down sprinkler systems

Answer 65

systems are shut down by IC after fire extinguishers.

Question 66

Standpipe system

Answer 66

Class1, class 2, class 3

Question 67

Class !

Answer 67

designed for FD personnel only

Question 68

Class 2

Answer 68

is designed for use by the building occupants. 1 1/2 single jacket hose pre connected to the system

Question 69

Class 3

Answer 69

features both class 1 and 2 in a single system.

Question 70

Specialized ext. systems Dry chemical

Answer 70

kept in self pressurized tanks or in tank with an external cartridge of carbon dioxide or nitrogen that provides pressure when the system is activated.

Question 71

Wet Chemical

Answer 71

used in most new commercial kitchens

Question 72

Clean Agent

Answer 72

Halon and CO2 give pre alarm 30-60 sec.