Chapter 34: New Frontier-Politics and Social Change in the 1960s Flashcards
Alliance for Progress
President Kennedy’s program which provided economic assistance to Latin America
Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN)
South Vietnamese military
Bay of Pigs
1961 failed invasion of Cuba by a CIA-led force of Cuban exiles
Berlin Wall
Dividing wall built by East Germany in 1961 to isolate West Berlin from Communist controlled East Berlin
Black Power
Movement in the 1960s that urged African Americans to use their collective political and economic power to gain equality
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Outlaws discrimination in public places and employment based on race, religion, or national origin
Congress of Racial Equality
Founded in 1941 by an interracial group who pioneered the use of nonviolent direct action during the civil rights struggle
Coup d’etat
A sudden, violent, unlawful seizure of power from the government
Cuban Missile Crisis
1962 conflict between the U.S. and the USSR resulting from the Soviet installation of nuclear missiles in Cuba
Freedom Rides
Protests by black and white activists who rode buses through southern states to test their compliance with the ban on segregation on interstate buses
Great Society
President Johnson’s goals for the U.S. in the areas of healthcare, education, the environment, discrimination, and poverty
Head Start
Federally funded program that provides education to children 3-5
Hot Line
Direct telephone line between the White House and the Kremlin set up after the Cuban missile crisis
Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965
Law that changed the national quota system to limits of 170,000 immigrants per year from the Eastern Hemisphere and 120,000 per year from the Western Hemisphere
March on Washington
1963 demonstration in which more than 200,000 people rallied for economic equality and civil rights
Medicaid
Federal program created in 1965 to provide low-cost health insurance to poor Americans of any age
Medicare
Federal program created in 1965 to provide basic hospital insurance to most Americans age 65 and over
New Frontier
President Kennedy’s plan aimed at improving the economy, fighting racial discrimination, and exploring space
Peace Corps
American government organization that sends volunteers to provide technical, educational, and medical services in developing countries
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
Grass-roots movements of young civil rights activists founded in 1960
Tet Offensive
Coordinated communist assault on a large number of South Vietnamese cities in early 1968
Trade Expansion Act of 1962
Gave the president a 5 year authority, beginning in 1961, to cut tariffs by 50%
Volunteers in Service to America
A national service program designed to address needs in education, poverty, reduction, publican health and disaster preparedness
Voting Rights of 1965
Law that banned literacy tests and empowered the federal government to oversee voter registration
